Study of atmospheric mercury budget in East Asia using STEM-Hg modeling system

Pan, Li; Lin, Che‐Jen; Carmichael, Gregory R.; Streets, D. G.; Tang, Youhua; Woo, Jung‐Hun; Shetty, Suraj K.; Chu, Hsing-Wei; Ho, Thomas C.; Friedli, H.

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.04.039

Cited by 37 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…They also claimed that global anthropogenic sources accounted for 75 % of mercury deposition in East Asia, with 25 % from natural sources. Philip et al (2007) estimated that mercury deposition in North America was 335 Mg in 2002, and the net outflow to the global pool was 21 Mg. Li Pan et al (2010) showed that mercury mass outflow (approximately 681-714 Mg a −1 ) constituted 70 % of mercury emissions from East Asia, with the highest outflow during spring and early summer. The Task Force on Hemispheric Transport of Air Pollution (TFHTAP) published its first comprehensive report in 2010 and reported some source-receptor relationships of mercury deposition among continents in the Northern Hemisphere (Europe, North America, East Asia, and South Asia) (TFHTAP, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intercontinental transport and deposition patterns of atmospheric mercury from anthropogenic emissions

et al. 2014

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Abstract. Global policies that regulate anthropogenic mercury emissions to the environment require quantitative and comprehensive source-receptor relationships for mercury emissions, transport and deposition among major continental regions. In this study, we use the GEOS-Chem global chemical transport model to establish source-receptor relationships among 11 major continental regions worldwide. Source-receptor relationships for surface mercury concentrations (SMC) show that some regions (e.g., East Asia, the Indian subcontinent, and Europe) should be responsible for their local surface Hg(II) and Hg(P) concentrations due to near-field transport and deposition contributions from their local anthropogenic emissions (up to 64 and 71 % for Hg(II) and Hg(P), respectively, over East Asia). We define the region of primary influence (RPI) and the region of secondary influence (RSI) to establish intercontinental influence patterns. Results indicate that East Asia is the SMC RPI for almost all other regions, while Europe, Russia, and the Indian subcontinent also make some contributions to SMC over some receptor regions because they are dominant RSI source regions. Source-receptor relationships for mercury deposition show that approximately 16 and 17 % of dry and wet deposition, respectively, over North America originate from East Asia, indicating that transpacific transport of East Asian emissions is the major foreign source of mercury deposition in North America. Europe, Southeast Asia, and the Indian subcontinent are also important mercury deposition sources for some receptor regions because they are the dominant RSIs. We also quantify seasonal variation on mercury deposition contributions over other regions from East Asia. Results show that mercury deposition (including dry and wet) contributions from East Asia over the Northern Hemisphere receptor regions (e.g., North America, Europe, Russia, the Middle East, and Middle Asia) vary seasonally, with the maximum values in summer and minimum values in winter. The opposite seasonal pattern occurs on mercury dry deposition contributions over Southeast Asia and the Indian subcontinent.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intercontinental transport and deposition patterns of atmospheric mercury from anthropogenic emissions

et al. 2014

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“…Pan et al [7] used the mercury model of the Sulfur Transport and Deposition Model (STEM-Hg•model) to estimate mercury concentrations and seasonality in China, based on the emissions inventories from Streets et al [8], and found seasonality similar to North America with concentrations slightly elevated above northern hemispheric background concentrations. However, Zhu et al [9] discovered that seasonality in TGM concentrations in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region was reversed in comparison to that in North America with summer having the greatest concentration of TGM and an average concentration of 7.9 ng•m −3 over the year.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numerous factors could have contributed to the discrepancy between modeled and observed concentrations in China, such as unaccounted sources, atmospheric conditions, and inaccurate model representation of dispersion from point sources [6,7]. The Chinese emission source profile is unique in comparison to North America or Europe as there is a large amount of manufacturing using•mercury, i.e., batteries and fluorescent lights, and a quarter of global coal combustion [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The emissions estimate above can be compared to the simulated mean mercury concentrations by Pan et al [7] using the emissions inventory of Streets et al [8], there is a clear underestimation of median mercury concentrations in Nanjing. The STEM-Hg•model results estimate a median concentration of 1.6-1.7 ng•m −3 [7], while Zhu et al [9] found median mercury concentrations to be 6.2 ng•m −3 [9].…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The STEM-Hg•model results estimate a median concentration of 1.6-1.7 ng•m −3 [7], while Zhu et al [9] found median mercury concentrations to be 6.2 ng•m −3 [9]. Lin et al used CMAQ-Hg to investigate the mass balance of mercury in East Asia and found higher concentrations of atmospheric mercury, ~3-4 ng•m −3 [11], than Pan et al [7], using similar emissions inventories, but TGM was still underestimated in comparison with measurements in Zhu et al [9]. This discrepancy highlights further the fact that YRD TGM emissions are much greater than documented in Streets et al for the region [8].…”

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Sources and Dynamic Processes Controlling Background and Peak Concentrations of TGM in Nanjing, China

Hall

Mao

et al. 2014

Atmosphere

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Total gaseous mercury (TGM) data from urban Nanjing, at the western edge of the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region in China, over nine months, were analyzed for peak and background mercury concentrations. The background concentration of TGM was found to be 2.2 ng•m −3 . In examining episodic influences of free tropospheric air masses on the surface TGM concentrations in Nanjing, we hypothesize heterogeneity in the global distribution of TGM concentrations in the free troposphere. The nine-month averaged diurnal cycles of TGM indicate a strong co-emission with SO 2 and an underestimation of greater than 80% TGM emissions in current inventories. Regular peak concentrations of mercury were investigated and the major causes were YRD emissions, transport from rural areas, and monsoonal transport. Transport of rural emissions is hypothesized to be from illegal artisanal small-scale gold mining that are currently missing in the emission inventories. Enhancement of TGM associated with summer monsoon contributed to a

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Atmospheric Transport of Mercury

Travnikov

2011

Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology of Mercury

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Study of atmospheric mercury budget in East Asia using STEM-Hg modeling system

Cited by 37 publications

References 69 publications

Intercontinental transport and deposition patterns of atmospheric mercury from anthropogenic emissions

Intercontinental transport and deposition patterns of atmospheric mercury from anthropogenic emissions

Sources and Dynamic Processes Controlling Background and Peak Concentrations of TGM in Nanjing, China

Atmospheric Transport of Mercury

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