Study of atrial arrhythmias in a computer model based on magnetic resonance images of human atria

Virag, Nathalie; Jacquemet, Vincent; Henriquez, Craig S.; Zozor, Steeve; Blanc, Olivier; Vesin, Jean‐Marc; Pruvot, Étienne; Kappenberger, Lukas

doi:10.1063/1.1483935

Cited by 113 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In simpler models such decoupling is not achieve. An inhomogeneous reduction of action potential is associated to ischaemia [126] and other pro-arrhythmic mechanisms [127] as, for instance, the Brugada Syndrome [128,129]. Such dispersion of refractoriness may result in localized block and the induction of reentry [130,131].…”

Section: Homogeneous Isotropic Tissuementioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear physics of electrical wave propagation in the heart: a review

2016

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Abstract. The beating of the heart is a synchronized contraction of muscle cells (myocytes) that are triggered by a periodic sequence of electrical waves (action potentials) originating in the sino-atrial node and propagating over the atria and the ventricles. Cardiac arrhythmias like atrial and ventricular fibrillation (AF,VF) or ventricular tachycardia (VT) are caused by disruptions and instabilities of these electrical excitations, that lead to the emergence of rotating waves (VT) and turbulent wave patterns (AF,VF). Numerous simulation and experimental studies during the last 20 years have addressed these topics. In this review we focus on the nonlinear dynamics of wave propagation in the heart with an emphasis on the theory of pulses, spirals and scroll waves and their instabilities in excitable media and their application to cardiac modeling. After an introduction into electrophysiological models for action potential propagation, the modeling and analysis of spatiotemporal alternans, spiral and scroll meandering, spiral breakup and scroll wave instabilities like negative line tension and sproing are reviewed in depth and discussed with emphasis on their impact in cardiac arrhythmias.

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Section: Homogeneous Isotropic Tissuementioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear physics of electrical wave propagation in the heart: a review

2016

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“…Several geometries were used, including an atrial geometry based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images. A three-dimensional monolayer model was also used by Virag et al (2002), who derived triangular Delauney meshes from MRI images of human atria. The same model has also recently been used by Jacquemet et al (2005) for further investigations of atrial fibrillation.…”

Section: Discretization Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical solution of the bidomain equations

Linge

Sundnes

Hanslien

et al. 2009

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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Knowledge of cardiac electrophysiology is efficiently formulated in terms of mathematical models. However, most of these models are very complex and thus defeat direct mathematical reasoning founded on classical and analytical considerations. This is particularly so for the celebrated bidomain model that was developed almost 40 years ago for the concurrent analysis of extra-and intracellular electrical activity. Numerical simulations based on this model represent an indispensable tool for studying electrophysiology. However, complex mathematical models, steep gradients in the solutions and complicated geometries lead to extremely challenging computational problems. The greatest achievement in scientific computing over the past 50 years has been to enable the solving of linear systems of algebraic equations that arise from discretizations of partial differential equations in an optimal manner, i.e. such that the central processing unit (CPU) effort increases linearly with the number of computational nodes. Over the past decade, such optimal methods have been introduced in the simulation of electrophysiology. This development, together with the development of affordable parallel computers, has enabled the solution of the bidomain model combined with accurate cellular models, on geometries resembling a human heart. However, in spite of recent progress, the full potential of modern computational methods has yet to be exploited for the solution of the bidomain model. This paper reviews the development of numerical methods for solving the bidomain model. However, the field is huge and we thus restrict our focus to developments that have been made since the year 2000.

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“…FEM and FVM are both very well suited for spatial discretizations of complex geometries with smooth representations of the boundaries, which is a key feature when polarization patterns induced via extracellularly applied currents are to be studied. Both FVM and FEM have been used to model electrical activity in anatomical realistic models of the atria (Harrild & Henriquez, 2000;Seemann et al, 2006;Vigmond et al, 2004;Virag et al, 2002) as well as the ventricles (Ashihara et al, 2008;Plank et al, 2009;Potse et al, 2006;Ten Tusscher et al, 2007). Mesh generation requirements are similar for both techniques, that is, the domain of interest has to be tessellated into a set of non-overlapping and conformal geometric primitives (Fig.…”

Section: Spatial Discretizationmentioning

confidence: 99%