Study of compact objects: a new analytical stellar model

Abstract

In this paper, we obtain analytical solutions of Einstein field equations for a spherically symmetric anisotropic matter distributions. For this purpose physically meaningful metric potential corresponds to $$g_{rr}$$ g rr and a particular choice of the anisotropy has been utilized to obtain the solutions in closed form. This class of solution has been used to characterized observed pulsars from different aspects. Smooth matching of interior spacetime metric with the exterior Schwarzschild metric and in addition with the condition of vanishing radial pressure across the boundary leads us to determine the model parameters. Pulsar $$4U1820-30$$ 4 U 1820 - 30 with its current estimated data for mass and radius (Mass $$=1.58 M_\odot $$ = 1.58 M ⊙ and radius $$=9.1$$ = 9.1 km) has been allowed for testing the physical acceptability of our developed model. We have graphically analyzed the gross physical features of the observed pulsar. The stability of the model is also discussed under the conditions of causality, adiabatic index and generalized Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkov (TOV) equation under the forces acting on the system. Few more pulsars with their have been considered, to show that this model is compatible with observational data, and all the requirements of a realistic star are highlighted. Mass-radius (M–R) relationship have been generated for our model. The impact of anisotropy on the gross physical features of stars have been explored with the graphical presentation.