“…Recently, three-dimensional (3D) dynamic mesh method has been started to be explored to describe the motion of the gears, where the immersed solid method, the dynamic mesh method based on the commercial software package Pumplinx and the 2.5D dynamic mesh model are three potential options for flow analyses of gear pumps. For instance, Ham et al (Ham, Kim, Oh, & Cho, 2018) and Singh et al (Singh, Salutagi, Pieta, & Madhavan, 2019) conducted three-dimensional simulations of the flow performance, cavitation characteristics and pressure pulsation in gerotor pumps based on the dynamic mesh method in Pumplinx. Castilla and Gamez-Montero et al (Castilla, Gamez-Montero, Raush, & Codina, 2017;Gamez-Montero, et al, 2012) and Yoon et al (2017) investigated the flow performances of gerotor pumps and external gear pumps working at a low pressure by the 2.5D dynamic mesh model and the immersed solid method, respectively.…”