Study of effect of population density of carbides on surface roughness and wear rate of H21 tool steel

Korade, D.N.; Ramana, K. V.; Jagtap, K.R.

doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2019.06.709

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Altered precipitation kinetics of nano-sized carbides during tempering is the third typical consequence of the cryogenic treatment of steels that contain martensite and retained austenite in their as-quenched microstructures. The precipitation kinetics were found to be enhanced in most of the experimental works dealing with cryogenic treatments of carburised steels [180], ball bearing steels [152,178,197,198], hot work tool steels [51,122,199,200], ledeburitic cold work tool steels [21,116,120], high-speed steels [61,64], or martensitic stainless steels [16,69].…”

Section: Microstructural Changes Due To Cryogenic Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One exception is the work by Koneshlou et al [155], tioned that martensite laths are smaller and distributed more uniformly in the m ture after holding the samples of AISI H13 steel for a long time at deep cryogen atures. On the other hand, there is clear evidence of a higher number and a more uniform distribution of nano-sized precipitates in cryogenically treated and high-temperature tempered AISI H11 [122,259], H13 [51,118,125,199,256], and H21 [200] steels. The maximum populations of carbides were found for treatment durations between 16 and 24 h. However, it should be noted that this feature appeared in steel microstructures independent of the heat treatment strategy used.…”

Section: Steelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite considerable inconsistencies in the test conditions (counterpart nature, load, sliding speed, and distance), some general outcomes can be derived. For AISI H11, H13, and H21 steels, a 16-24 h treatment at −184 • C (or −185 • C) was recommended to achieve the lowest wear rate against steel counterparts [19,49,51,122,199,200,[259][260][261][262]269]. However, when hard alumina counterparts were used for wear performance examination, after CT at −180 • C for 32 h, there was only a 12% wear performance improvement in H13 steel [267].…”

Section: Hot Work Tool Steelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Cryogenic Treatment of Martensitic Steels: Microstructural Fundamentals and Implications for Mechanical Properties and Wear and Corrosion Performance

Jurči,

Dlouhý

2024

Materials

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Conventional heat treatment is not capable of converting a sufficient amount of retained austenite into martensite in high-carbon or high-carbon and high-alloyed iron alloys. Cryogenic treatment induces the following alterations in the microstructures: (i) a considerable reduction in the retained austenite amount, (ii) formation of refined martensite coupled with an increased number of lattice defects, such as dislocations and twins, (iii) changes in the precipitation kinetics of nano-sized transient carbides during tempering, and (iv) an increase in the number of small globular carbides. These microstructural alterations are reflected in mechanical property improvements and better dimensional stability. A common consequence of cryogenic treatment is a significant increase in the wear resistance of steels. The current review deals with all of the mentioned microstructural changes as well as the variations in strength, toughness, wear performance, and corrosion resistance for a variety of iron alloys, such as carburising steels, hot work tool steels, bearing and eutectoid steels, and high-carbon and high-alloyed ledeburitic cold work tool steels.

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Section: Microstructural Changes Due To Cryogenic Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Steelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hot Work Tool Steelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cryogenic Treatment of Martensitic Steels: Microstructural Fundamentals and Implications for Mechanical Properties and Wear and Corrosion Performance

Jurči,

Dlouhý

2024

Materials

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“…1, the average grain size of the HIPed hardfacing is smaller than in the PTAW one. Moreover, it is known that the wear resistance of a material is increased by the presence of hard phases, such as carbides [11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. As reported by Karlsson [26], the distribution of the carbides plays a major role in wear behaviour.…”

Section: Optical Profiler Characterisations Of Wear Tracksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is well known that the tribological behaviour of steels is influenced by their microstructure, particularly the size and the distribution of the hard phases, typically carbides [11][12][13][14][15]. Karlsson et al [16,17] showed that fine carbides, homogenously distributed into the matrix, typically enhance the wear performance of stainless and tool steels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the microstructure on the tribological properties of HIPed and PTA-welded Fe-based hardfacing alloy

Ardigo-Besnard

Tellier

Besnard

et al. 2021

Surface and Coatings Technology

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The Effect of Cryogenic Treatment on W360 and E38K Hot Work Tool Steels

Kiraz,

Birol,

Sağın

2024

steel research int.

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The present study examines the impact of cryogenic treatment (CT) on W360 and E38K hot work tool steels used in forging dies, subjected to conventional heat (HT) and CTs followed by double tempering treatment. Results reveal that CT facilitates the transformation of retained austenite from 4.9% and 2.5% for W360 and E38K steels, respectively, into martensite to an undetectable limit. Also, when compared to HT, CT at −180 °C results in about 3 times higher amount of the carbide precipitation for both steel types. In contrast, a slight increment in the hardness values with decreasing treatment temperature is observed. Notch impact test results indicate higher impact energy with lower CT temperatures, particularly notable in W360 steel. Although both steel types exhibit almost similar impact energy values at room temperature, E38K steel has ≈100% higher energy at 350 °C. DCT‐treated samples show improved wear resistance at lower cryogenic temperatures. Cryotreated W360 steel displays nearly 25% less wear rate than cryotreated E38K steel. The study underscores the suitability of W360 and E38K steels for hot work applications, with CT enhancing their mechanical and microstructural performance, particularly in W360 steel due to its higher carbide density.

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Study of effect of population density of carbides on surface roughness and wear rate of H21 tool steel

Cited by 8 publications

References 12 publications

Cryogenic Treatment of Martensitic Steels: Microstructural Fundamentals and Implications for Mechanical Properties and Wear and Corrosion Performance

Cryogenic Treatment of Martensitic Steels: Microstructural Fundamentals and Implications for Mechanical Properties and Wear and Corrosion Performance

Effect of the microstructure on the tribological properties of HIPed and PTA-welded Fe-based hardfacing alloy

The Effect of Cryogenic Treatment on W360 and E38K Hot Work Tool Steels

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