Study of factors of influence of melioratory-fodder forest plantations on arid grazing ecosystems

2023

E3S Web Conf.

The purpose of the work is to establish the ecological situation in the pasture phytocomplexes of the Don basin. The objects of research were plant communities on floodplain sod-meadow granular soils and on the sands of the Ilovlinsky massif of the Volgograd region. The occurrence of species on the Drude scale, the vital state of plants, the projective cover of vegetation, and the feed mass consumed were determined. It is established that the main mass of vegetation is oppressed or is in a satisfactory condition. The dominant phytocomplexes are representatives of the Asteraceae families that are resistant to anthropogenic loads and lodging, with a wide ecological amplitude (30% on floodplain sod-meadow granular soils, 38% on sands) and Poaceae (13% on floodplain sod-meadow granular soils, 29% on sands). On floodplain sod-meadow granular soils with a projective vegetation cover of 45%, the feed mass of autumn pastures was 51.2 g/m2, on sands with an average projective vegetation cover of 21%, the feed mass was 24.4 g/m2.

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pasture phytocomplexes of Pridonye: Ecological situation

2023

E3S Web Conf.

“…Degradation of pasture ecosystems is accompanied by deterioration of productivity, floristic diversity of lands, their downing, destruction of soil cover, development of wind and water erosion, formation of large arrays of mobile sands, desertification [10,11]. The negative transformation of pasture ecosystems in large areas leads to the need to eliminate the consequences of pasture digression and wind erosion, including through the use of phytomeliorative technologies [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Features of operation of pastures of the Don basin

2023

E3S Web of Conf.

The purpose of the research was to identify the productivity of forage lands on the sandy lands of the Don basin and the optimal load on them of farm animals. The objects of research were pasture ecosystems of Ust-Khopersky, Chirsky, Kazansko-Veshensky, Tsimlyansky, Golubinsky, Archedinsko-Ilovlinsky-Don sand massifs. The work is based on the methods of landscape- bioecological research and the study of the development of phytocenoses. The optimal load of farm animals during their grazing is determined, taking into account the feed capacity of pastures and recommendations for the use of forage lands are given. Overgrown sands are the most productive (1.4-3.8 t/ha). Accordingly, they withstand the greatest load of livestock. When grazing cattle, the load on them should not exceed 0.2-0.4 head / ha, when grazing horses – 0.2-0.5 head / ha, when grazing sheep and goats – 1.0-2.9 head / ha. The most vulnerable areas are open and medium-grown sands. When grazing cattle, the load on them should not exceed 0.1-0.2 head / ha, when grazing horses – 0.1-0.4 head / ha, sheep and goats – 0.4-2.1 head / ha.

“…Therefore, it is important to take into account their regime and changes during several plant life cycles [6,7]. Intensification of feed production is the main direction in solving the problem of feed and includes measures to increase the yield of fodder crops, productivity of hayfields and pastures, reclamation of the feed base [8][9][10]. Studies of restoration of soil fertility, productivity and ecological stability of pasture ecosystems are relevant, since the problem of creating ecologically sustainable phytocenoses on low-yielding lands in arid climatic conditions remains important [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Species diversity and productivity of pasture ecosystems of the Ilovlinsky sand massif

2023

E3S Web of Conf.

The aim of the research was to establish the productivity of pasture ecosystems on the sandy lands of the Don basin. The objects of research are herbaceous plant communities on the sands of the Ilovlinsky massif of the Volgograd region. The analysis of the species diversity of the vegetation cover, its variability in space was carried out by an inventory of 5 test plots measuring 10 x 10 m. Generally accepted methods of statistical analysis, graphical interpretation and scientific generalization were used to process, analyze and present the results. In all the surveyed sites, there is a low proportion of Fabaceae family species (0-8 %), a large proportion of the mixed grass group (58-75 %) and the weed species of plants (26-50 %) species. The feed mass consumed on average in the plots is 11-45 g / m2. A direct relationship was revealed between the influence of the percentage of Poaceae and Cyperaceae (Carex) species in the phytocenosis on medium-grown sands on the increase in the yield of sandy pastures (g / m2) in the late autumn period (r = 0.99). The condition of the soil and vegetation cover on forage lands is a consequence of overgrazing.