Study of genetic analysis of individual hybrids derived by the half-diallel cross of some Lycopersicon esculantum mill

Abstract

The study was conducted for the first season of 2020 in the field of the College of Agriculture \ Diyala University which the seeds of the first generation F1 hybrids were produced for six strains that were selected according to the genetic distance among them and resulted in 15 hybrids by applying for the half diallel crossing program. In the second year, the seeds of individual hybrids were planted with their parents and a hybrid Commercial common boob cat for comparison within a field experiment to evaluate the field performance of these produced hybrids according to the design of complete randomized sectors and with three replications. The differences were tested according to the LSD test. The result showed that the highest hybrid strength compared with the highest parents for the trait of plant height 43.34 cm, number of fruits 48.20%, plant yield 77.27%, TSS ratio 41.83%, fruit content of vitamin C 33% and sugar content 25.86% for the above traits, respectively. As for the common commercial hybrid, Boob cat was 64.20%, 121.23%, 43.92%, 55%, 109.36% and 46.65%, respectively. As for the union ability, the father gave c.c. Orang (5) had the highest general combined ability for plant height which amounted to 3.972. For the number of fruits, plant yield and TSS, Father Rose (1) showed the highest general union ability, which amounted to 4.136, 0.358 and 0.095, respectively, while the vitamin C and sugars ratio were recorded by the fathers (5) Red P.t (2) and Amish Pa.(4). The highest general federating ability amounted to 1.937 and 0.975 respectively while the highest union ability for plant height in 1×5 hybrids reached 33.375 and for TSS and sugars the hybrid showed1×3The highest ability of a particular union was 1.60 and 1.77, respectively. Regarding the characteristics of fruit number and yield of a plant, the 1×2 hybrid was superior in a proportion of 16.71 and 1.11 for vitamin C, and the 3×4 hybrid was superior in a ratio of 8.06. As for the percentage of heritability was high compared to the strict sense, indicating the importance of non-host gene action of genes in the inheritance and manifestation of the trait. The mean of the degree of dominance was higher than one for all the mentioned traits, which evidences the participation of super dominance of genes in the manifestation of the trait. Keywords: half-diallel, boob cat, genetic distance, Lycopersicon esculantum