Study of genetic variation of eggplant cultivars by using RAPD-PCR molecular markers and the relationship with Phomopsis blight disease reaction

Abstract

ABSTRACT. Disease susceptibility and genetic variability in 10 eggplant genotypes were studied after inoculating Phomopsis vexans under confined field conditions. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used to assess genetic variation and relationships among eggplant genotypes. The disease index of leaves ranged 0.208-13.79%, while fruit infection ranged 2.15-42.76%. Two varieties, Dohazari G and Laffa S, were found to be susceptible, 6 were moderately resistant, 1 was moderately susceptible, and BAU Begun-1 was resistant to P. vexans. Amplification of genomic DNA by using 3 RAPD primers produced 20 bands: 14 (70%) were polymorphic and 6 (30%) were monomorphic. The highest intra- variety similarity indices values were found in ISD 006, Ishurdi L, Jessore L, and BAU Begun-1 (100%), while the lowest was in Dohazari G (90%). The lowest genetic distance (0.0513) and the highest genetic identity (0.9500) were observed between the ISD 006 and Ishurdi L combinations. A comparatively higher genetic distance (0.3724) and the lowest genetic identity (0.6891) were observed between the ISD 006 and Dohazari G combinations. A dendogram was constructed based on Nei's genetic distance, which produced 2 main clusters of the genotypes -Cluster I: ISD 006, Ishurdi L, Marich begun L, BAU Begun-1, Marich begun S, and Chega and Cluster 2: Laffa S, Dohazari G, Jessore L, and Singhnath. Genetic variation and its relationship with disease susceptibility were assessed using RAPD markers, to develop disease-resistant varieties and improve eggplant crops.

Genetic variability of Indonesian eggplant (Solanum melongena) based on ISSR markers

“…The most appropriate genetic marker has depended on the specific application, the presumed level of polymorphism, the presence of sufficient technical facilities and financial limitations. The earlier studies in eggplant using molecular markers are restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers (Isshiki et al 1998;Isshiki et al 2003), amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers (Mace et al 1999;Nunome et al 2001;Furini and Wunder 2004), random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers (Karihaloo et al 1995;Sifau et al 2014;Asad et al 2015), and simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers (Tümbİlen et al 2009;Sunseri et al 2010;Caguiat and Hautea 2014). These methods have major limitations, there is low reproducibility of RAPD, high cost of AFLP/RFLP and the need to know the flanking sequences to develop species-specific primers for SSR polymorphism (Reddy et al 2002;Kumar et al 2009).…”

Genetic diversity of Falcataria moluccana and its relationship to the resistance of gall rust disease

“…Identifying molecular markers associated with host resistance to disease is typically the first step applied in the breeding strategy for resistant varieties for plant disease control. Some markers, such as random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP), microsatellites, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), and next-generation sequencing (NGS), have been widely used in studies related to plant resistance (Zhang et al 2013;Asad et al 2015;Klosterman et al 2016;Quesada-Ocampo et al 2016;Vaghefi et al 2016).…”

Molecular analysis of genetic diversity among vine accessions using DNA markers

“…Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers are one of the most widespread markers applied to the breeding of several crops, due to their ease of use, speed, and low cost. They are used to estimate genetic distance between populations, and to characterize germplasm banks or collections (Han et al, 2014;Mendes et al, 2014;Asad et al, 2015;Costa et al, 2015;Santos et al, 2015;Sharaf-Eldin et al, 2015). This is also true for vine crops, and RAPD markers have been used in diversity studies, marker-assisted selection, in the distinction of varieties confirming and/or rejecting hypotheses of synonymy, determining distribution and relationships with geographic areas and other variables, and also for the study of natural processes of evolution, migration, and selection (Moreno et al, 1995;Lahogue et al, 1998;Vidal et al, 1999Vidal et al, , 2000Tamhankar et al, 2001;Ulanovsky et al, 2002a;Schneider et al, 2015).…”