Study of Heavy Metal Levels among Farmers of Muda Agricultural Development Authority, Malaysia

Ghazali, Ahmad Rohi; Razak, Nur Ezzazulianie Abdul; Othman, Mohd Sham; Othman, Hidayatul Fathi; Ishak, Ismarulyusda; Lubis, Syarif Husin; Mohammad, Nihayah; Hamid, Zariyantey Abd; Harun, Zaliha; Kamarulzaman, Firdaus; Abdullah, Raja Syamsul Azmir Raja

doi:10.1155/2012/758349

Cited by 17 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…This can be seen through the concentrations of Pb among adult females in Kuching and Kota Samarahan which were still within the acceptable range. The concentrations showed that they were in good agreements to literature values of healthy and non-smoking participants (Afridi et al, 2008;Goulle et al, 2009), besides having the results in this study not as high as Pb concentrations found in occupationally-exposed individuals (Abdulrahman et al, 2012;Ghazali et al, 2012;Skalny et al, 2015).…”

Section: Elemental Concentrations In Fingernailssupporting

confidence: 88%

“…However, when the results of Pb in adult females in this study were compared to that of another Malaysian study, the results in the latter research was reported to be higher, which was 6.2 ± 5.2 µg/g (Ghazali et al, 2012). This may be due to the occupational exposure of research participants involved in their study.…”

Section: Elemental Concentrations In Fingernailscontrasting

confidence: 61%

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Trace Element Assessment in Fingernails of Adult Females

Ngau¹,

Wee²,

Salim³

2018

TUR

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Trace elements play a significant role in giving nutritional benefits to the body because they act as essential cofactors for all physiological processes. However, there are some trace elements which may bring more harm than good when entering the human body. Due to its ability to incorporate trace elements in an amount that is proportional to an individual’s dietary intake and environmental exposure, human fingernails are suitable biomarkers in assessing the health status of an individual as they reflect on the trace element concentration present in the body. This study has analysed fingernail samples of 23 adult females residing in Kuching and Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia for four elements, namely Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn. By using flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS), the mean elemental concentrations found in fingernail samples of research participants were 171.8 ± 33.8 μg/g for Zn, 27.8 ± 14.8 μg/g for Cu and 2.64 ± 0.94 μg/g for Pb. Cd concentrations were not able to be detected as they were below the detection limits. A standard reference material, NIST 1568b Rice Flour was used to verify the methods used in elemental analysis using FAAS. Independent t-test which was used to compare the means of Zn and Cu between vegetarians and non-vegetarians showed no significant differences for both elements. Moreover, correlation analysis showed negative correlations between Cu/Zn pair and Pb/Zn pair, whereas significant positive correlation was obtained for Cu/Pb pair. The overall data from this study showed good agreements with data obtained from studies in other countries. Therefore, the current data in this study represents the latest background elemental concentrations in fingernails of the residents in Kuching and Kota Samarahan, Sarawak.Keywords: Adult females, fingernails, flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS), trace elements

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Section: Elemental Concentrations In Fingernailssupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Elemental Concentrations In Fingernailscontrasting

confidence: 61%

Trace Element Assessment in Fingernails of Adult Females

Ngau¹,

Wee²,

Salim³

2018

TUR

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“…However, previous study has reported that in occupational exposure to cadmium or lead, antioxidant potential of the body is disturbed, which is manifested by changes in both the concentration of trace elements and the activity of some enzymes (Wąsowicz, Gromadzińska, & Rydzyński, 2001). However, study among farmers from MADA Kedah showed heavy metals (cadmium, lead and arsenic) were within normal range (Ghazali et al, 2012). In a study on the levels of selenium in toenails, it was also said that the tobaccos in cigarettes could disrupt the absorption of selenium (Ghandirian et al, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Trace Elements in the Nails and Hair of Farmers Exposed to Pesticides and Fertilizers

Hamid¹,

Ishak²,

Lubis³

et al. 2017

JAS

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Exposure to pesticides and fertilizers lowers the level of trace elements in the human body for several reasons. This study aimed to investigate the effect of pesticide exposure to the levels of trace elements of farmers in Bachok and Tumpat, Kelantan, Malaysia. This cross sectional study involved 89 farmers. Demographic data and information on the duration of the exposure to the pesticides and fertilizers, as well as personal protective equipment (PPE) practice habits, were determined through questionnaire. The levels of selenium, manganese, zinc, copper and chromium samples of fingernails, toenails and hair were determined through the use of inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The levels of the trace elements were not influenced by gender, age and the period of exposure. Only the manganese levels found in the hair samples (r = 0.250) show a significant positive correlation (p < 0.05) with the working period. PPE practice habit also have significant correlation (p < 0.05) with manganese level in fingernails (r = 0.530) and toenails (r = -0.353), zinc level in hair (r = -0.439) and chromium level in fingernails (r = -0.306). Exposure towards pesticide and fertilizer decreased the trace element level in nails and hair of farmers. Additionally, the level of trace elements can be influenced by health status, working period, dietary habit and PPE practices.

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“…A 1000 mg/l stock solution was prepared for each heavy metal (MERCK Titrisol). Samples were stored in metal-free plastic tubes at room temperature until the determination of heavy metals [4].…”

Section: Determination Of Heavy Metalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heavy Metal and Insecticide Distribution and Accumulation at the Bertam Agricultural Watershed in Cameron Highlands, Pahang, Malaysia

Ismail¹,

Haron²

2017

Water conserv. manag.

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This study aimed to determine the status of heavy metal concentrations of Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb, Zn, Cu, and Fe in the water bodies of Bertam River, Cameron Highlands, which traverses agricultural areas. Water samples were randomly collected in three replicates from 10 sampling points along the river. Then, the samples were tested for metal concentrations using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The insecticides cypermethrin and chlorpyrifos, which are widely used by farmers, were analyzed. The water samples were drawn into a C18 cartridge. Cypermethrin or chlorpyrifos absorbed by the cartridge were extracted using 6 mL of acetone and then injected into the gas chromatography-electron capture detector. In this study, the highest mean concentration was Fe (96.04 ± 90.43 ppb), followed by Zn (5.68 ± 0.2.34 ppb), Cu (5.13 ± 2.98 ppb), Cr (1.53 ± 0.19 ppb), Ni (0.85 ± 0.22 ppb), Pb (0.85 ± 1.61 ppb), and Cd (0.027 ± 0.02 ppb); hence, Fe> Zn> Cu> Pb> Cr> Ni> Cd. However, the concentrations of selected heavy metals in the water samples were below the standards recommended by the WHO. The overall average concentrations of chlorpyrifos and cypermethrin in the dry season ranged from 0.40 ppm to 2.37 ppm and from 0.001 ppb to 0.13 ppb, respectively. By contrast, the overall average concentrations in the rainy season ranged from 0.04 ppm to 0.80 ppm and from 0.00 ppb to 0.010 ppb, respectively. Results showed that runoff from the agricultural area affected water quality.

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Study of Heavy Metal Levels among Farmers of Muda Agricultural Development Authority, Malaysia

Cited by 17 publications

References 17 publications

Trace Element Assessment in Fingernails of Adult Females

Trace Element Assessment in Fingernails of Adult Females

Evaluation of Trace Elements in the Nails and Hair of Farmers Exposed to Pesticides and Fertilizers

Heavy Metal and Insecticide Distribution and Accumulation at the Bertam Agricultural Watershed in Cameron Highlands, Pahang, Malaysia

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