Study of Heavy Metals in Soil and Wheat Crop and their Transfer to Food Chain

Khan, Nazish Huma; Nafees, Mohammad; Bashir, Adila

doi:10.17582/journal.sja/2016/32.2.70.79

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…In addition, local sewage The content of this soil sample was lower than that of As (11.29 mg/kg) and Cr (77.59 mg/kg), and higher than that of Cd (0.113 mg/kg) in the Yangtze River delta plain [62]. The average value of Cr (63.46 mg/kg) was higher than that of Cr (52.2 mg/kg) in the cultivated land of Pakistan, and the average value of Cd (0.15 mg/kg) was lower than that of Cd (1.11 mg/kg) in the cultivated land of Pakistan [1].…”

Section: Sustainability 2019 11 X; Doi: For Peer Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, six values of the As samples (0.052 mg/L, 0.0525 mg/L, 0.0611 mg/L, 0.066 mg/L, 0.1007 mg/L, 0.11 m g/L) exceeded the health risk values. The reasons for this increased health risk were as follows: (1) This risk was related to As in the soil, as the area east of Hebei province has a long history of industry. (2) Rural coal ash, firewood ash, and other household wastes were dumped in significant quantities by the river.…”

Section: Wheatmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the main purposes of this study are three-fold: (1) To evaluate the pollution levels of Cr, Cd, and As in atmospheric precipitates, crops, soil, and groundwater. Further, it aimed to assess the relationship between soil properties pH, CEC (cation exchange capacity), Corg (soil organic carbon), and clay, and bioaccumlation factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pollution and Health Risk Assessment of Carcinogenic Elements As, Cd, and Cr in Multiple Media—A Case of a Sustainable Farming Area in China

Cai

Song

et al. 2019

Sustainability

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The high concentrations of trace elements in the environment, especially the carcinogenic elements Cr, Cd, and As, in populated areas can lead to an increased non-carcinogenic risk and carcinogenic risk in humans via the effective exposure pathways (inhalation and dermal contact). In this study, the concentrations of the trace elements Cd, Cr, and As in four media were comprehensively evaluated by collecting samples from atmospheric precipitates (A), wheat (W), soil (S), and groundwater (G) in the agricultural plain. This study not only considers the health risk level, but also focuses on the relationship between soil properties and the soil–wheat system. First, according to the results of the analysis, the concentration of carcinogenic elements in atmospheric precipitates was higher than that in other media. The sequence follows the order A > S > W > G. Moreover, the input flux of A was at a relatively higher level (determined via an input flux calculation) than other farming areas. Second, the pollution of Cr, Cd, and As in A and S were analyzed using the geoaccumulation method, and the level of Cd reached mild to moderate pollution. In addition, it was found that the bioaccumulation factors (BAFs) of Cd were much higher than those of As and Cr in the soil–wheat system. Furthermore, it was found that the negative relationship between BAFs and pH, CEC (cation exchange capacity), Corg (soil organic carbon), and clay was significant. Lastly, the hazard quotient (HQ) of the non-carcinogenic risk and carcinogenic risk (CR) of the three elements in multiple media were calculated using the health risk model. The HQ results showed that the total non-carcinogenic risk index (HI) of Cd, As, and Cr in the multiple-media did not exceed the risk limit (1.00), and there was no significant risk to the locally exposed population. However, the total carcinogenic risk index (TCR) indicated that the risk index of Cr, As and Cd in multiple media exceeded the safety index range (≈10−6–10−4), and the three elements posed a significant carcinogenic risk to local residents via the main pathways. In terms of individual elements, the risk of cancer was highest via the ingestion of the carcinogenic element Cd in G and W.

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Section: Sustainability 2019 11 X; Doi: For Peer Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Wheatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pollution and Health Risk Assessment of Carcinogenic Elements As, Cd, and Cr in Multiple Media—A Case of a Sustainable Farming Area in China

Cai

Song

et al. 2019

Sustainability

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“…A relative mean higher content of Fe (2525.364 mg/kg) and Cu (10.4 mg/kg) was investigated by [70] in rice plants cultivated near Tajan river. The literature study revealed that the accumulation of metals in edible tissues of rice is due to the cultivation of crops on or near polluted soils [15]. Moreover, the elevated level of K, Ca, Fe, and Mn in the media like soil, plant, grains represented their origin of twins, bioavailability and influence its order in the media [71,72].…”

Section: Heavy Metal Content Level In Rice Plants and Rice Grainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Heavy metal (HM) contamination in rice has mostly come from the soil in which it is cultivated [14]. Unfortunately, the industrial sector in Pakistan produces about 1.309 × 10 9 m 3 wastewater annually and discharge into freshwater resources or agricultural land that cause contamination of the water bodies [15,16]. Hence, the farmers in the country are reluctant to use contaminated water to meet the water requirement of the crops [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy-Dispersive X-ray (EDX) fluorescence based analysis of heavy metals in marble powder, paddy soil and rice (Oryza sativa L.) with potential health risks in District Malakand, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Khan

Hadi

et al. 2021

Environmental Pollutants and Bioavailability

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Rice is staple food of Asian countries including Pakistan. Contamination of paddyfields with marble waste containing toxic metals has emerged as a key public health concern. Current study aimed to analyze heavy metal concentrations in marble powder, paddy soil and rice crop to estimate probable human health risks in District Malakand of Pakistan. Triplicate dry samples were analyzed through Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence spectroscopy (ED-XRF). The marble waste increased the concentration of metals in paddy soil, subsequent increase in metals accumulation was found in rice grains. In grains the maximum concentration (mg/kg) of Fe (50.70), Cu (17.60), Mn (7.49) and Al (6.80) exceeded the permissible limits of FAO/WHO. The cumulative hazard index (HI) value from heavy metals through consumption of rice was greater than unity (HI > 1) indicating potential health risks. The results of Pearson correlation, Principal component analysis (PCA), and cluster analysis (CA) for metals were consistent.

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Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution and Human Health Risks Assessment in Soils Around an Industrial Zone in Neyshabur, Iran

Mohammadi

Zarei

Esmaeilzadeh

et al. 2019

Biol Trace Elem Res

172

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Study of Heavy Metals in Soil and Wheat Crop and their Transfer to Food Chain

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

Pollution and Health Risk Assessment of Carcinogenic Elements As, Cd, and Cr in Multiple Media—A Case of a Sustainable Farming Area in China

Pollution and Health Risk Assessment of Carcinogenic Elements As, Cd, and Cr in Multiple Media—A Case of a Sustainable Farming Area in China

Energy-Dispersive X-ray (EDX) fluorescence based analysis of heavy metals in marble powder, paddy soil and rice (Oryza sativa L.) with potential health risks in District Malakand, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution and Human Health Risks Assessment in Soils Around an Industrial Zone in Neyshabur, Iran

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