Study of Hydroxypropyl β-Cyclodextrin and Puerarin Inclusion Complexes Encapsulated in Sodium Alginate-Grafted 2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid Hydrogels for Oral Controlled Drug Delivery

Abstract

Puerarin has been reported to have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immunity enhancement, neuroprotective, cardioprotective, antitumor, and antimicrobial effects. However, due to its poor pharmacokinetic profile (low oral bioavailability, rapid systemic clearance, and short half-life) and physicochemical properties (e.g., low aqueous solubility and poor stability) its therapeutic efficacy is limited. The hydrophobic nature of puerarin makes it difficult to load into hydrogels. Hence, hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-βCD)-puerarin inclusion complexes (PIC) were first prepared to enhance solubility and stability; then, they were incorporated into sodium alginate-grafted 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propane sulfonic acid (SA-g-AMPS) hydrogels for controlled drug release in order to increase bioavailability. The puerarin inclusion complexes and hydrogels were evaluated via FTIR, TGA, SEM, XRD, and DSC. Swelling ratio and drug release were both highest at pH 1.2 (36.38% swelling ratio and 86.17% drug release) versus pH 7.4 (27.50% swelling ratio and 73.25% drug release) after 48 h. The hydrogels exhibited high porosity (85%) and biodegradability (10% in 1 week in phosphate buffer saline). In addition, the in vitro antioxidative activity (DPPH (71%), ABTS (75%), and antibacterial activity (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) indicated the puerarin inclusion complex-loaded hydrogels had antioxidative and antibacterial capabilities. This study provides a basis for the successful encapsulation of hydrophobic drugs inside hydrogels for controlled drug release and other purposes.

Sodium Alginate Carboxymethyl Cellulose Composite Hydrogel beads for Oral Drug Delivery

“…2c. The amorphous structure of alginate was seen, with three peaks with 2θ = 29°, 44°, and 86°, showing that it has crystalline characteristics, and these ndings are compatible with those of other research [20]. XRD diffractogram of sodium alginate-cellulose composite hydrogels was observed with intense peaks with 2θ = 74°, 27°, and 15°.…”

Ellagic Acid Inclusion Complex-Loaded Hydrogels as an Efficient Controlled Release System: Design, Fabrication and In Vitro Evaluation

“…The free radical polymerization technique was used for the synthesis of hydrogels, possessing slight modifications [22]. Briefly, carbopol-934, AMPS, EGDMA, and APS/SHS (APS was used as an initiator, and SHS was used as a co-initiator of the reaction) were weighed and placed separately in their corresponding bottles, as shown in Table 1.…”

“…AMPS shows pH-independent swelling characteristics due to the presence of sulfonic groups, which are easily ionized and dissociated at different pH values [21]. Furthermore, the increase in AMPS monomer concentration increases the swelling ratio of the hydrogels, owing to the presence of more ionizable sulfonic groups [22]. Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) is a chemical crosslinker widely utilized for crosslinking of different polymers and monomers [23].…”

Hydroxyethyl Cellulose-Based Hydrogels as Controlled Release Carriers for Amorphous Solid Dispersion of Bioactive Components of Radix Paeonia Alba

“…The free radical polymerization technique was utilized to prepare hydrogels with slight modifications [58]. Specifically, for each hydrogel formulation, the number of specified ingredients, such as HEC, AMPS, APS/SHS, and EGDMA, was measured and placed into separate glass bottles, as outlined in Table 5, which was slightly modified from our previous study by replacing sodium alginate with hydroxyethyl cellulose [59]. After the water was added to each vial with a label, the solution was continuously stirred until it became clear.…”