Study of Icing Effects on Performance and Controllability of an Accident Aircraft

Reehorst, Andrew L.; Chung, James; Potapczuk, Mark G.; Choo, Yung K.

doi:10.2514/2.2588

Cited by 35 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Aircraft icing, especially ice on the surface of the wing, seriously affects flight safety. Ice accretion on airfoils can cause severe damage to aircraft not only by increasing its weight but also by deteriorating aerodynamic capabilities and decreasing available lift force, thus affecting stability and safe operation [2][3][4][5][6]. Therefore, detecting icing on UAVs is particularly important [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pitot Tube-Based Icing Detection: Effect of Ice Blocking on Pressure

Gao

Wang

et al. 2020

International Journal of Aerospace Engineering

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This study aims at addressing a problem on icing detection for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV for short) because traditional icing detection methods are costly and bulky. Toward this end, a pitot-based icing detection method is proposed, and the effect of different types of icing blocking on pressure is firstly reported. An icing detection system based on the pitot tube is designed and fabricated. Icing wind tunnel results indicate that if the pitot tube is blocked by glaze ice, then the total pressure of the pitot tube decreases gradually and remains unchanged and less than static pressure. However, if the pitot tube is blocked by rime ice, then the total pressure drops to the same level as the static pressure. If the pitot tube is blocked by non-ice organic materials, then the total pressure suddenly drops to the same level as the static pressure and remains unchanged. Furthermore, if the pitot tube contacts the water droplets but does not freeze, the total pressure output value fluctuates slightly. The effect of icing on pressure is caused by differences in ice microstructure, temperature, and flow velocity. At the same time, the proposed method offers a facile and low-cost approach for UAV icing detection.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pitot Tube-Based Icing Detection: Effect of Ice Blocking on Pressure

Gao

Wang

et al. 2020

International Journal of Aerospace Engineering

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“…Aircraft icing is a critical external environmental factor, which can induce a loss-of-control incident if the pilot does not respond in the correct manner [1]. The United States National Transport Safety Board (NTSB) had aircraft icing on its "Most Wanted" list of safety recommendations from 1997 [2]. In the most serious icing accident on June 1, 2009, Air France's A330 airliner crashed over the Atlantic Ocean, and all 228 people on board were killed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On Flight Risk Quantitative Evaluation under Icing Conditions

Xue

et al. 2019

Mathematical Problems in Engineering

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The quantitative assessment of flight risk under icing conditions was taken as the research object. Based on multifactor coupling modeling idea, the pilot-aircraft-environment coupling system was built. Considering the physical characteristics and randomness of aircraft icing, the extreme values of critical flight risk parameters were extracted by the Monte Carlo flight simulation experiment. The flight characteristics were studied comprehensively and heavy-tail characteristics and the distributions of different flight parameters were verified. Flight risk criterion was developed and one-dimensional extreme flight risk probability was calculated. Further, in order to solve the limitation of one-dimensional extreme value, with the Copula theory, the joint distribution model of flight parameters with three distinct distribution types was built. The optimal Copula model was selected by identification of unknown parameters and goodness of fit tests, and the three-dimensional extreme flight risk probability was defined. Based on the quantitative flight risk, the accident induction mechanism under icing conditions was discussed. Airspeed and roll angle under asymmetry icing conditions were more sensitive and had a more significant impact on flight safety. This method can provide reference for safety manipulation, boundary protection, and risk warning during icing flight.

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“…Heavy rain may also clog the gap in a lifting surface with deflected slats, thereby causing premature boundary layer separation [13]. Also, Rehorts et al [14] have estimated that icing caused 542 flight accidents between 1976 and 1988. This is because ice accretion deteriorates aerodynamic performance by a factor of the order of 5% to 25% [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rotating Arm-Based Experimental Study on Droplet Behavior in the Shoulder Region of an Aircraft Aerodynamic Surface

Sor

García-Magariño

Velázquez

2017

International Journal of Aerospace Engineering

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An experimental study has been performed on water droplet deformation in the shoulder region of an airfoil. The experiments have been carried out in a rotating arm facility 2.2 m long and able to rotate up to 400 rpm (90 m/s). A blunt airfoil model (chord length equal to 0.468 m) was placed at the end of the arm. A droplet generator was used to generate a stream of water droplets with an initial diameter of 1000 μm. An imaging system was set up to record the trajectories and deformations of the droplets in three different regions close to the airfoil shoulder. The base flow field was characterized using a particle image velocimetry system. The experiments show that droplet deformation results in the shoulder region of the airfoil are different from those pertaining to the leading edge region. In particular, droplets in the shoulder region tend to rotate to the direction of the incoming airfoil which generates an interference effect between the droplets that make up the stream. These differences have been quantified applying an existing theoretical model specifically developed for the leading edge region to the results obtained in the present study.

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Study of Icing Effects on Performance and Controllability of an Accident Aircraft

Cited by 35 publications

References 2 publications

Pitot Tube-Based Icing Detection: Effect of Ice Blocking on Pressure

Pitot Tube-Based Icing Detection: Effect of Ice Blocking on Pressure

On Flight Risk Quantitative Evaluation under Icing Conditions

Rotating Arm-Based Experimental Study on Droplet Behavior in the Shoulder Region of an Aircraft Aerodynamic Surface

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