A simple method, which was laid by the thermally initiated redox reaction of decomposition of a coagulate of colloidal palladium(II) hydroxide stabilized by citrate ion, was suggested for the synthesis of nanostructured polymetallic composites based on palladium, which include one or more transition metals. Metal ions, which are required to enter into the composite were used as coagulants. Selection of the synthesis conditions allows formation of a chemisorption complex between palladium(II) hydroxide and citrate anions. The structure of this complex was suggested and quantum-chemical modeling of its vibrational and electronic absorption spectra was carried out.