Study of iron status indicators in different phases of menstrual cycle in first year medical college females

Vonglokham

et al. 2020

Global Health Action

Background: Lao PDR has identified the need to target adolescent public health concerns. Adolescents suffering from poor health and nutrition during rapid growth and development may be at risk of anaemia due to high iron requirements and the rapid depletion of body iron stores. Objective: This study assessed the prevalence and severity of anaemia among school adolescents in Pholhong district, Vientiane province, Lao PDR. Methods: A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 405 randomly selected school adolescents across 8 high schools in a rural district of Vientiane province. Adolescents aged 10-18, both male and female, were recruited. Haemoglobin concentration from capillary blood was measured. Descriptive statistics were computed for prevalence of anaemia, anthropometric measurements, socioeconomic and socio-demographic variables. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify determinants of anaemia among subjects. Results were expressed as odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Results: The prevalence of anaemia among adolescents in the study area was 19.4%. There was no difference in the prevalence of anaemia between younger and older adolescents, but the prevalence of anaemia was higher in female adolescents than among males (crude OR = 3.91, 95% CI 2.20 to 6.96). On univariate analysis, coming from an ethnic minority household was found to be significantly associated with anaemia among these adolescents (p < 0.05). After adjusting for other variables, only the effect of sex remained significant. Other factors showing no significant association with anaemia included parents' employment status, family size, and living conditions. Conclusions: The prevalence of anaemia in this population is of public health concern with adolescents of both sexes at risk of developing anaemia. The national nutrition programme to control and manage anaemia by distributing a weekly iron and folate supplement for adolescent girls together with a deworming programme twice per year appears to have partly successful but could be strengthened.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anaemia among adolescents: assessing a public health concern in Lao PDR

Vonglokham

et al. 2020

Global Health Action

“…Menstrual blood loss can significantly contribute to iron depletion as it can be difficult for women to provide sufficient iron intake to compensate menstrual iron losses [14]. This is relevant because all female adolescents included in the study were menstruating, which can additionally affect their iron status [37]. Furthermore, female adolescents and young women are more susceptible to practice dieting compared to male adolescents, which results in reduced energy intake and limits consumption of certain food products [38].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Heme and Non-Heme Iron Intake and Iron Dietary Sources in Adolescent Menstruating Females in a National Polish Sample

Skolmowska

Głąbska

2019

Nutrients

Iron intake and heme/non-heme iron proportions are crucial for iron deficiency anemia prevention. Women of childbearing age are indicated by World Health Organization as the primary target group, but maintaining iron balance is particularly challenging for adolescents. The aim of the presented study was to analyze heme and non-heme iron intake and dietary sources in adolescent menstruating females in a national Polish sample. The study was conducted in a representative sample of adolescents (aged 15–20) who were recruited from all regions of Poland based on secondary school sampling (random quota sampling), with 1385 female adolescents being included in the sample. The iron intake was assessed using the previously validated IRONIC-FFQ (IRON Intake Calculation–Food Frequency Questionnaire). The intakes of iron, heme iron, non-heme iron, and iron from food product groups were assessed and compared with those of male adolescents (n = 1025) who were recruited from the same schools, as well as between sub-groups stratified by age, body mass index, anemia history, following vegetarian diet, applying iron supplementation and school type. Compared with male individuals, females were characterized by a lower intake of all forms of iron. It was stated that non-heme iron intake was highest in younger ones, overweight ones, vegetarian ones, and comprehensive school students. Female adolescents with anemia history were characterized by similar iron intake as others. For the target group, there is inadequate nutritional education and a necessity to broaden the knowledge about specific sources of iron.

“…Hipotalamus yang terganggu akan berdampak pula pada kerja hormon estrogen dan progesteron menjadi terhambat. 20 siklus menstruasi tersebut tidak teratur dan panjang (oligomenorrhea). 18 Hasil penelitian ini sejalan dengan penelitian lain yang menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan yang signifikan antara asupan zat besi dengan siklus menstruasi.…”

Section: Hubungan Asupan Zat Gizi (Protein Vitamin C Vitamin B12 Daunclassified

Gangguan siklus menstruasi kaitannya dengan asupan zat gizi pada remaja vegetarian

Wahyuni

Dewi

2018

JGI

Background : Adolescence is a period that is still experiencing growth, especially the reproductive system with menstruation is supported adequate nutrients. Objective : The aim of this study was to determined the association of the sufﬁcient of protein, vitamin B12, vitamin C, iron intake, nutritional status with cycle mestruasi on vegetarian adolescent at IVS Jakarta 2017. Method : This design research was observation analytic with cross sectional approach. Sampling technique were used total sampling. The technique of data collection were used menstrual cycle questionnaire, Semi Quantitatif Food Frequency, food model, nutrisurvey, BMI for age. Results : There was 35,71 % respondents have an oligomenorrhea. Food intake (protein, vitamin B12, vitamin C, iron) were inadequate, while vitamin C was intake adequate. Based on statistical analysis of Spearman Rank test, There were significant relation between sufficient intake of protein (p =0,001), sufficient intake of vitamin C (p = 0,003) sufficient intake of iron (p = 0,001) with menstrual cycle. There was no significant relationship between vitamin B12 intake (P = 0.34) nutritional status (P = 0.54) with menstrual cycle. Conclusion : food intake (protein, iron, vitamin C) associated with the menstrual cycle. vitamin B12 intake and nutritional status not associatied with the menstrual cycle.