Study of lipid profile and parieto-temporal lipid peroxidation in AlCl3 mediated neurotoxicity. modulatory effect of fenugreek seeds

Abstract

BackgroundPeroxidation of lipid (LPO) membrane and cholesterol metabolism have been involved in the physiopathology of many diseases of aging brain. Therefore, this prospective animal study was carried firstly to find out the correlation between LPO in posterior brain and plasmatic cholesterol along with lipoprotein levels after chronic intoxication by aluminium chloride (AlCl3). Chronic aluminum-induced neurotoxicity has been in fact related to enhanced brain lipid peroxidation together with hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia, despite its controversial etiological role in neurodegenerative diseases. Secondly an evaluation of the effectiveness of fenugreek seeds in alleviating the engendered toxicity through these biochemical parameters was made.ResultsOral administration of AlCl3 to rats during 5 months (500 mg/kg bw i.g for one month then 1600 ppm via the drinking water) enhanced the levels of LPO in posterior brain, liver and plasma together with lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG) and LDL-C (Low Density Lipoproteins) levels. All these parameters were decreased following fenugreek seeds supplementation either as fenugreek seed powder (FSP) or fenugreek seed extract (FSE). A notable significant correlation was observed between LPObrain and LDL-C on one hand and LDHliver on the other hand. This latter was found to correlate positively with TC, TG and LDL-C. Furthermore, high significant correlations were observed between LDHbrain and TC, TG, LDL-C, LPObrain as well as LDHliver.ConclusionAluminium-induced LPO in brain could arise from alteration of lipid metabolism particularly altered lipoprotein metabolism rather than a direct effect of cholesterol oxidation. Fenugreek seeds could play an anti-peroxidative role in brain which may be attributed in part to its modulatory effect on plasmatic lipid metabolism.

A novel insight on chronic AlCl3neurotoxicity through IL-6 and GFAP expressions: Modulating effect of functional food fenugreek seeds

“…It is likely that oxidative stress is one of the causes of astroglial dysfunction during Al intoxication 22 as evidenced here by TAS decrease and induced lipid peroxidation. 13 With regard to the effect of FSP supplementation, we have clearly demonstrated that the whole fenugreek seed had a compensating effect on IL-6 secretion towards AlCl 3 disrupting action in the brain. Different components of the plant endowed with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating properties might be responsible for this effect.…”

“…11,12 A previous study carried out by our laboratory has shown that after Al treatment, fenugreek seeds showed an anti-peroxidative effect in the posterior brain that was correlated to its antioxidant activity. 13 Relying on this preliminary result, as well as on the presumed anti-inflammatory property of this plant and the contribution of antioxidants in this phenomenon, we have chosen to investigate the neuroprotective effect of fenugreek seeds. …”

Antioxidant Complexes and Lipoprotein Metabolism – Experience of Grape Extracts Application Under Metabolic Syndrome and Neurogenic Stress

“…LDLB have less size (d 25.5-25.75) comparing to LDLA (d > 25.75) and are characterized by a lower content of polar lipids, as well as a higher content of cholesterol esters. Lipoproteins of this subfraction are slowly removed from the bloodstream that is caused by their low affinity to B/E-receptors for LDL, higher sensitivity to glycosylation and oxidative damage [31]; they also have a high affinity to scavenger-receptors of macrophages [32].…”

Pharmacological effects ofTrigonella foenum-graecumL. in health and disease

“…In an experimental model of AlCl 3 -fed rats, simultaneous supplementation of fenugreek seeds powder or extract for 5 months enhanced the levels of LPO in posterior brain, liver and plasma, along with lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities, whereas total cholesterol, TG and LDL-cholesterol levels reversed, suggesting an antiperoxidative role in the brain which may be attributed to its modulatory effect on plasma lipid metabolism (Belaïd-Nouira et al, 2012).…”