Study of lipid profile in chronic kidney disease patients before and after haemodialysis

Abstract

Background: In chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death. Majority of the patients in India prefer maintenance haemodialysis (MHD) as a renal replacement therapy, which may have a significant impact on lipid profile of the patient. Methods: The present study cross-sectional case–control study was conducted in 50 CKD patients on MHD and 50 healthy controls. Sampling in CKD patients was done just before initiating haemodialysis (HD) and 30 min after completion of HD irrespective of their fasting state. Serum creatinine, urea and lipid parameters were investigated to study the effect of HD and the pattern of dyslipidaemia in CKD patients. Results: Serum triglycerides and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) were significantly (P < 0.05) more in both pre- and post-HD samples as compared with healthy controls. Serum total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were significantly lower in MHD patients as compared with controls. There was a significant rise in serum TC and HDL-C after HD. Conclusions: The study concludes that CKD patients on HD have hypertriglyceridaemia, hypocholesterolaemia, low HDL-C, high serum VLDL and low serum LDL levels. Dyslipidaemia persists even after HD. A significant improvement in TC and HDL-C was observed after HD in CKD patients. Early identification and treatment of dyslipidaemia can reduce morbidity and mortality associated with CKD on HD.