Study of microfauna foraminifera as bioindicator for coral reef condition in Tambelan Island, Riau Island Province

Abstract

Tambelan Islands is one of the coral reef habitats in Indonesia. This area is the southern part of Natuna Sea and South China Sea Throughflow (SCSTF) exit area, which influenced the dynamics of the ocean and climate in Indonesia. Foraminifera is one of the potential bioindicator that can be used to determine the conditions of waters and the environmental health of coral reef. Twenty surface sediment samples were taken and quantitative analysis were made in order to obtain the condition of waters. This analysis including calculation of abundance, community structure, and analysis of biozonation (cluster and SHEBI). Meanwhile, to determine the condition of coral reef was using FORAM Index (FI). The results showed that there were 52 species of benthic foraminifera included in 41 genera. The most abundant genera were Amphistegina (average 28.08%) and Operculina (average 23.85%) which were a type of genera that associated with coral reefs. The FI values range from 3.57–9.12 indicating that environmental conditions are conducive to coral reefs. Biozonation from the cluster and SHEBI showed different results, indicating that the abundance of foraminifera in research area are influenced by complex factors such as substrate conditions and the activities on land.

Analysis of Plankton as Food for Lempuk Fish (<i>Gobiopterus</i> spp.) from Ranu Grati, Pasuruan, East Java, Indonesia, as Information for Domestication Efforts

“…In addition, the dominance index value of phytoplankton ranges from 0.09 to 0.3 and that of zooplankton ranges from 0.14 to 0.33, which indicates that the plankton dominance index in Ranu Grati waters is low. While, there are 2 criteria for dominance index (C), namely, if 0 < C < 0.5, then no genus dominates, whereas if 0.5 < C < 1, then there is a genus that dominates [Junita, 2020]. Phytoplankton serve as the main producers in aquatic ecosystems and possess the ability to promptly adapt to alterations in the nutritional condition of the water as well as the infiltration of contaminants [Hertika et al, 2019].…”

Early-to-mid Holocene environmental change in the Kallang River Basin, Singapore

“…There have been several foraminiferal studies conducted in the Sunda Shelf to investigate the distribution of foraminifera and their use as bioindicators of anthropogenic impacts and environmental health (e.g., Debenay and Luan, 2006;Jayaraju et al, 2011;Junita et al, 2020). Table 5.1 summarises the foraminiferal studies that were conducted in the Sunda Shelf region, including the size fraction and type of foraminifera (live (L), dead (D), or total (L+D)) used for analysis, the depths at which the samples were obtained, and the environmental parameters collected during each study.…”

“…Studies that investigate the foraminiferal distribution in coral reefs are not included (e.g., Förderer et al, 2018;Junita et al, 2020;A'ziz et al, 2020Natsir et al, 2022). Foraminiferal distribution of study areas in the Peninsula Malaysia (marked in yellow) are summarised in Table 5.2.…”