Study of optical and dielectric constants of hybrid SnO2 electrospun nanostructures

Abstract

The aim of this paper was to prepare SnO 2 nanowires using electrospinning and calcination processes from a poly(vinylpyrrolidone), dimethylformamide, ethanol and tin(IV) chloride pentahydrate solution. The composite PVP/SnCl 4 nanofibers obtained via electrospinning method were dried and calcined in a vacuum to remove the polymer matrix at a temperature of 500 °C for 10 h. Three types of nanowires with a polymer to precursor ratios of 2:1, 1:1, 1:3 were produced. The morphology and chemical composition of as-spun PVP/SnCl 4 nanofibers and SnO 2 nanowires obtained after heat treatment were carried out using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) with an energy-dispersive spectrometer (EDX). The Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra of the prepared nanomaterials were also investigated. To determine the topography of PVP/SnCl 4 nanofibrous mats, an atomic force microscope (AFM) was used. A 100-fold measurement of the nanowire size showed that, depending on the amount of precursor in the spinning solution, nanowires with diameters ranging from 20 to 260 nm were obtained. The optical property analysis was performed on the basis of absorbance spectra recorded over UV-Vis spectral range. The complex refractive index n and complex dielectric permeability ε of obtained tin oxide nanowires were determined as a function of the radiation energy. Depending on the precursor content in spinning solution, the one-dimensional SnO 2 nanostructures were characterised by a refractive index in the range of 1.51-1.56, whereas the dielectric constant ranged from 2.26 to 2.30. The optical properties and the structure of one-dimensional SnO 2 nanomaterials allow to use this type of materials in the construction of novel type photovoltaic cells and electronic devices.

High-Performance Visible Light Photodetector Based on 1D SnO2 Nanofibers with a Ti3C2Tx (MXene) Electron Transport Layer

“…Since the SnO 2 /MXene interface is exposed to air, ε i was allowed to be the permittivity of free space and δ was assumed to be 5 Å. − ε sc and W are the relative dielectric constant of the semiconductor and depletion width, respectively. The value of ε sc is taken to be 2.3ε 0, and the depletion region width is considered to be 160 nm. The dependence of N ss on the bias voltage V can be obtained with the help of the following equation Figure b shows the plot of N ss (V) as a function of E c – E , implying that high-density traps are located at 0.23–0.86 eV beneath the conduction band energy level.…”

A Short Review on Various Engineering Applications of Electrospun One-Dimensional Metal Oxides

“…Favorable optoelectronic properties of crystalline-amorphous hybrid SnO 2 nanowires are suggested by W. Matysiak et al [ 24 ] to be used in in modern flexible photovoltaic cells ( Table 5 , Figure 11 ). The research group, to which the Authors belong, was awarded a silver medal at the 5th China (Shanghai) International Invention & Innovation Expo in 2021 for the invention “Innovative flexible solid-state solar cell with a hybrid layered architecture”, for which the construction of which SnO 2 nanowires were used ( Figure 12 ).…”

“… ( a ) SEM image of SnO 2 nanowires calcined in 500 °C (Reprinted with kind permission from Springer [ 24 ]); UV-VIS: ( b ) absorption spectrum of SnO 2 nanowires calcined in 500 °C (Reprinted with kind permission from Nature [ 126 ]). …”

“…To date, researchers have devoted the most attention to ZnO, TiO 2 , SiO 2 and Bi 2 O 3 . However, there are increasing publications on other 1D metal oxides, including In 2 O 3 and SnO 2 [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ]. According to recent scientific reports, these types of materials represent the future of semiconductor-based devices, so it is important to focus on their development and on selecting the most advantageous method for their fabrication.…”

“…Refractive index and dielectric permittivity obtained for the electrospun 1D SnO 2 nanomaterials[24].…”