Study of Oral Microbial Prevalence and Oral Health in Adults

Moon, Kyung-Hui; Lee, Jin Young; Kang, Yong-Ju

doi:10.15236/ijcpd.2018.14.4.264

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…In contrast, E. nodatum and G. elegans showed a temporary decrease at T2. E. nodatum is a member of the "orange complex" and is closely related to progression of periodontal disease, evidenced by a significant correlation to increased PD and GI (Moon et al 2018). G. elegans has been associated with early childhood caries (ECC) and white spot lesions during orthodontic treatment (Tanner et al 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal Microbiome Changes in Supragingival Biofilm Transcriptomes Induced by Orthodontics

Babikow,

Ghaltakhchyan,

Livingston

et al. 2023

JDR Clinical & Translational Research

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Introduction: Common oral diseases are known to be associated with dysbiotic shifts in the supragingival microbiome, yet most oral microbiome associations with clinical end points emanate from cross-sectional studies. Orthodontic treatment is an elective procedure that can be exploited to prospectively examine clinically relevant longitudinal changes in the composition and function of the supragingival microbiome. Methods: A longitudinal cohort study was conducted among 24 adolescent orthodontic patients who underwent saliva and plaque sampling and clinical examinations at time points: before fixed appliance bonding and at 1, 6, and 12 wk thereafter. Clinical indices included bleeding on probing (BOP), mean gingival index (GI), probing depths (PDs), and plaque index (PI). To study the biologically (i.e., transcriptionally) active microbial communities, RNA was extracted from plaque and saliva for RNA sequencing and microbiome bioinformatics analysis. Longitudinal changes in microbiome beta diversity were examined using PERMANOVA tests, and the relative abundance of microbial taxa was measured using Kruskal–Wallis tests, Wilcoxon rank-sum tests, and negative binomial and zero-inflated mixed models. Results: Clinical measures of oral health deteriorated over time—the proportion of sites with GI and PI ≥1 increased by over 70% between prebonding and 12 wk postbonding while the proportion of sites with PD ≥4 mm increased 2.5-fold. Streptococcus sanguinis, a health-associated species that antagonizes cariogenic pathogens, showed a lasting decrease in relative abundance during orthodontic treatment. Contrarily, caries- and periodontal disease–associated taxa, including Selenomonas sputigena, Leptotrichia wadei, and Lachnoanaerobaculum saburreum, increased in abundance after bonding. Relative abundances of Stomatobaculum longum and Mogibacterium diversum in prebonding saliva predicted elevated BOP 12 wk postbonding, whereas Neisseria subflava was associated with lower BOP. Conclusions: This study offers insights into longitudinal community and species-specific changes in the supragingival microbiome transcriptome during fixed orthodontic treatment, advancing our understanding of microbial dysbioses and identifying targets of future health-promoting clinical investigations. Knowledge Transfer Statement: Bonding braces was associated with subsequent changes in the oral microbiome characterized by increases in disease-associated species, decreases in health-associated species, and worsened clinical measures of oral health.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal Microbiome Changes in Supragingival Biofilm Transcriptomes Induced by Orthodontics

Babikow,

Ghaltakhchyan,

Livingston

et al. 2023

JDR Clinical & Translational Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…9 A comprehensive understanding of the impact of the oral microbiota on host health and disease is considered a holistic view of intra-and cross-kingdom interactions among members of the oral microbiome, and imbalance of the oral flora leads to caries, periodontal disease and other oral pathologies. 10,11 Due to the special oral environment of the cervical teeth, anatomical structure changes the wedge-shaped defects, residual food and unqualified cleaning can bring about corresponding changes in the local microecology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of oral microorganisms contributing to non‐carious cervical lesions via bacterial interaction and pH regulation

Huang

Lin

Liu

et al. 2021

J Cellular Molecular Medi

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There is a lack of evidence about the relationship between microorganisms and non‐carious cervical lesions (NCCLs) due to limited technologies. A group of 78 patients was enrolled for microbial 16S rRNA sequencing of dental plaques on normal and defective cervical surfaces. Parallel data from 39 patients were analysed with paired t tests, and Fusobacteriales exhibited significantly less distribution on NCCLs than on normal surfaces. As a result, Fusobacterium nucleatum, the most common oral bacterial strain belonging to the order Fusobacteriales, was selected for further research. From a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) scan, the tooth surface with Fusobacterium nucleatum and Streptococcus mutans culture was more intact than that without Fusobacterium nucleatum. Furthermore, the calcium contents in groups with Fusobacterium nucleatum were significantly higher than that without it. In further mechanistic research, Fusobacterium nucleatum was demonstrated to adhere to and disturb other organisms as well as producing alkaline secretions to neutralize the deleterious acidic environment, protecting the tooth structure. In conclusion, microorganisms and NCCLs were confirmed directly related through adherent bacterial interactions and pH regulation. The research provides a new perspective and experimental evidence for the relation between microorganisms and NCCLs, which guides clinical treatment and preventive dentistry in the future.

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