Study of orbital index in human dry skulls of south Indian origin

Patil, Girish V.

doi:10.1016/j.jasi.2015.07.293

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Orbital heights were consistent between males and females, and displayed left-right symmetry. The left (32.74±1.96 mm vs. 32.65±1.94 mm) and right (32.24±2.19 mm vs. 32.35±1.93 mm) orbital heights of both males and females respectively were within the range of with other neighbouring populations in India, [12,14,15,18,19,21,26,27] but smaller than Egyptian, [2] Korean, [24] andmost African populations (Table 2). [9,13,17,28,29] Orbital breadth was larger in males (40.63±1.92 mm, 41.47±1.94 mm; left and right sides, respectively) than females (38.27±2.1 mm, 38.91±2.39 mm; left and right sides, respectively).…”

Section: Orbital Indexmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…These data suggest that the females in our population of Sinhalese Sri Lankans had more rounded orbits than the males, whilst male orbits tended to be broader and more rectangular. In previous studies, OI sexual dimorphism was a feature most frequently seen in African [9,13,17,20,24] and Egyptian [2] populations, whereas sexual dimorphism in Indian and other Asian populations [12,14,15,18,19,21,[24][25][26][27] were not statistically significant. The existence and extent of OI sexual dimorphism might indicate a history of significant selection pressure that was specific to our population of Sinhalese Sri Lankans.…”

Section: Orbital Indexmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…[1] When this is analyzed against other data from Asian population, it appears that this discrepancy is evident with most of the data available on Egyptian [2] and Indian subpopulations. [12,14,15,18,19,21,26,27] Second, Asian populations seldom display OI sexual dimorphism ( Table 2). However, this was clearly evident within the Sinhalese population, and may reflect the selection pressures placed on the sexes within the population.…”

Section: Orbital Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These values were larger than those seen in Korean populations, [24] smaller than Egyptian [2] and most African populations, but within the range of most Indian populations ( Table 2). [12,14,15,18,19,21,26,27] Laterality Individually, the left and right orbital heights and breadths in males and females were not significantly different, suggesting left and right symmetry. However, when these parameters were used to derive OI, differences between the left and right sides in males and females became apparent.…”

Section: Orbital Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Orbital indices in a modern Sinhalese Sri Lankan population

Lal¹,

Cornwall²,

Dias³

2016

Anatomy

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The orbits are craniofacial structures situated on either side of the sagittal plane within the skull that encroach equally upon the cranial and facial regions. Each orbit is composed of several bones arranged to form quadrilateral pyramids with their bases facing anterolaterally and slightly downward, and their apices projecting posteriomedially. [1][2][3] The orbits contain and protect the eyes, extra-ocular muscles and several neurovascular structures, and also allow for the accurate positioning of the visual axis, [1,4] which is essential for binocular vision. As landmark features of the skull, morphometric characterisation of the orbits is of value for anthropology, [5] tracing population origins, gaining insight into craniofacial growth due to racial and sexual differences, [6] and quantifying intraspecific variations and forensic osteology. [1,2,4,7] Moreover, comprehensive assessment and preoperative planning in areas of neurosurgery, craniofacial surgery, congenital disfigurement and trauma require specific morphometric data on orbit morphology for the safety and efficacy of clinical treatment. [8][9][10][11] While orbit morphology has not changed significantly over recent human history, advances in surgical practice means that we are now able to utilise more detailed and specific information for the treatment of patients. [12] Thus, obtaining data elucidating intraspecific variation, such as left right symmetry (laterality), sex, and racial differences in the morphological parameters of the orbit Orbital indices in a modern AbstractObjectives: An understanding of orbital morphology is relevant to forensic identification, craniofacial surgery, and anthropological analysis. Orbital index (OI), the relationship between the height and width of the orbit, varies between different populations of humans. This study examines modern Sinhalese Sri Lankan skulls to determine normal values for OI and explore how OI may vary with laterality and sex.Methods: Measurements of fifty modern Sinhalese Sri Lankan skulls (origin Central Province, Sri Lanka) of known sex (34 male and 16 female) were undertaken for orbital height and width (bilaterally) using a digital caliper. OI was calculated using a standard formula ([orbital breadth / orbital height] × 100). Statistical tests analysing OI and size for both sex and laterality were performed using unpaired and paired 2-tailed t-tests (p<0.05), respectively. Results:Overall mean (±standard deviation) OI was 81.29±6.14, with significant differences found between males (79.29±5.65) and females (84.39±5.59) OI. Left OI was significantly greater than right in both males (80.74±5.85 vs. 77.83±5.11) and females (85.47±5.70 vs. 83.31±5.39), indicating OI asymmetry. Individual heights and breadths of the orbits were symmetrical in both males and females. Conclusion:Findings indicate OI asymmetry (left larger than right OI) and sexual dimorphism in this population of modern Sinhalese Sri Lankan skulls. Male orbits were microseme (OI<83) and female mesoseme , an unexpected finding ...

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Section: Orbital Indexmentioning

confidence: 61%

Section: Orbital Indexmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Orbital Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Orbital Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Orbital indices in a modern Sinhalese Sri Lankan population

Lal¹,

Cornwall²,

Dias³

2016

Anatomy

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“…This would be more in the South Indian population as the Orbital Indices are smaller when compared with Dr Dhanwate's study. [4] Normative indices would also help for surgical planning of slow growing orbital tumours and asking for these measurements in our radiological requisitions routinely would be worthwhile. [5]…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Commentary: Relevance of orbital measurements for the orbit surgeon

Mahesh

2019

Indian J Ophthalmol

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Craniometric study of the Orbital Index in brazilian skulls

Fernandes

Rabello

Santiago

et al. 2021

RGO, Rev. Gaúch. Odontol.

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Objetive To determine the percentage of correctness of the Orbital Index (OI) for estimation of sex, ancestry and age in Brazilian skulls. Methods Cross-sectional study of 183 human dry skulls from the southeastern Brazil. A total of 100 skeletons were males and 83 females; of which 36 were aged up to 39 years, 60 aged between 40 and 59 years, and 87 aged 60 years or older. As for ancestry, 103 were from white, 51 mixed race, and 29 black individuals. The OI was calculate by the formula = height/width x 100. The data were submitted to Student’s t test, F (ANOVA), Tukey and Kruskal Wallis tests as well as to discriminant analysis, with a 5% significance level. Results The sample was characterized as mesoseme, with a mean age of 56.62 (±19.97) years. No significant difference was observed (p=0.511) between the OI in females (right: 86.43 ± 6.58 and left: 86.70 ± 5.93) and males (right: 85.78 ± 6.69 and left: 86.37 ± 6.20). There were no significant differences between age, ancestry and the variables analyzed (p>0.05). The right and left orbital widths were significantly dimorphic between sexes (p<0.001). The percentage of correctness of the method for estimation of sex, age and ancestry was found to be 65.6%, 43.7%, and 43.6%, respectively. Conclusions The OI is not an appropriate method for estimation of sex, ancestry and estimation of age in this Brazilian sample. The methodology should be expanded to other population groups so that it can be improved.

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Study of orbital index in human dry skulls of south Indian origin

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Orbital indices in a modern Sinhalese Sri Lankan population

Orbital indices in a modern Sinhalese Sri Lankan population

Commentary: Relevance of orbital measurements for the orbit surgeon

Craniometric study of the Orbital Index in brazilian skulls

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