“…The various version of PSO has been developed and applied to solve TNEP problem like adaptive PSO (Verma et al, 2009), linear programming-based PSO (Kavitha and Swarup, 2006), binary PSO (Mortaz et al, 2015), discrete PSO, (Jin et al, 2007) etc. The STNEP problem has been solved by different variations of PSO like global PSO (GPSO), local PSO (LPSO), quantum behaved PSO (QPSO) for different weights by Barreto et al (2013) and results are also compared. Further, a modified PSO is employed to solve DC model-based STNEP problem by Murugan (2012).…”