Study of pathogenic bacteria detected in fly samples using universal primer-multiplex PCR

Tsagaan, Alimaa; Kanuka, irotaka; Okado, Kiyoshi

doi:10.5564/mjas.v15i2.541

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…The house fly is known to carry pathogens that can cause serious and life-threatening diseases in humans and animals. Over 100 pathogens including bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites (protozoans and metazoans) have been associated with the insect [ 8 , 9 ]. Molecular analysis revealed that house flies carry very diverse groups of microorganisms [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of human pathogens carried by the housefly (Musca domestica L.)

et al. 2018

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BackgroundThe synanthropic house fly, Musca domestica (Diptera: Muscidae), is a mechanical vector of pathogens (bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites), some of which cause serious diseases in humans and domestic animals. In the present study, a systematic review was done on the types and prevalence of human pathogens carried by the house fly.MethodsMajor health-related electronic databases including PubMed, PubMed Central, Google Scholar, and Science Direct were searched (Last update 31/11/2017) for relevant literature on pathogens that have been isolated from the house fly.ResultsOf the 1718 titles produced by bibliographic search, 99 were included in the review. Among the titles included, 69, 15, 3, 4, 1 and 7 described bacterial, fungi, bacteria+fungi, parasites, parasite+bacteria, and viral pathogens, respectively. Most of the house flies were captured in/around human habitation and animal farms. Pathogens were frequently isolated from body surfaces of the flies. Over 130 pathogens, predominantly bacteria (including some serious and life-threatening species) were identified from the house flies. Numerous publications also reported antimicrobial resistant bacteria and fungi isolated from house flies.ConclusionsThis review showed that house flies carry a large number of pathogens which can cause serious infections in humans and animals. More studies are needed to identify new pathogens carried by the house fly.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12889-018-5934-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of human pathogens carried by the housefly (Musca domestica L.)

et al. 2018

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“…The current study presents 3 bacterial and 3 fungal colonies with distinct morphological characters were identified. Two Gram 36,37 . Authors have paid attention to the bacterial communities of other flies [50][51][52] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation, Characterization and Antagonistic Activity of the External Microflora of the House fly, Musca domestica (Diptera: Muscidae)

Galal¹,

ElShammari²,

Seufi³

2019

J Pure Appl Microbiol

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Experiments were designed to isolate, characterize and study the interaction between external microbiota (bacteria and fungi) carried by adult M. domestica after dipping, then removal of the flies from distilled water, sugar solution and saline solution. M. domestica was collected from Sakaka city, Northwestern Saudi Arabia. Three groups of adult M. domestica were completely dipped in and then removed from each of the above-mentioned solutions separately. Bacteria and fungi were isolated using corresponding media, characterized using macro and microscopic examinations, and then tested for antagonistic activity. Three bacterial species; Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and three fungi; Candida albicans, Rhizopus stolonifer and Aspergillus niger have been isolated, characterized and tested for antagonism. Biochemical tests of bacterial strains confirmed the ability to secrete economically important materials. Different efficiencies to ferment sugars and produce gases have been confirmed, too. Antagonistic tests between microorganisms have revealed that both E. coli and P. aeruginosa bacteria are antagonists to both A. niger and C. albicans fungi. However, R. stolonifer fungus is antagonist to both E. coli and P. aeruginosa bacteria. B. subtilis bacterium is antagonist to the 3 fungi and to the other 2 bacteria. The antagonistic activity of our bacterial strains could be attributed to the secretion of antimicrobial materials. Further study on the mechanism of antimicrobial activity of B. subtilis strain is recommended. It was concluded that this strain could be useful in controlling some bacterial and fungal infections.

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“…In Equation ( 18), the parameter W 1 denotes the cost for elimination of breeding site, W 2 is the cost for sanitation-based works, W 3 is the cost for installing UV light trap, W 4 is the cost for isolation of infected person, and W 5 is the cost of water purification. Each C i,i∈ [1,5] denotes each control parameter-based cost.…”

Section: Effective Control Framework Considering Multiple Disease Carriersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several existing studies showed that bacteria causing diarrhea are carried by houseflies [ 3 , 4 ] mainly. The house fly, Musca domestica L. , is known to carry pathogens including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites which cause life threatening diseases in humans and animals [ 5 , 6 ]. Houseflies breed in human feces [ 7 ] and the existing studies [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ] have shown increased incidences of diarrhea during the periods of high fly density.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Model for the Epidemiology of Diarrhea and Simulation Considering Multiple Disease Carriers

Rahmadani

Lee

2020

IJERPH

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Diarrhea is responsible for killing around 525,000 children every year, even though it is preventable and treatable. This research focuses on both houseflies’ roles and humans’ roles in carrying pathogens causing diarrhea as multiple disease carriers. Both human and fly compartmental models are simulated with five diseases control strategies in order to identify the epidemic dynamics. The framework considers the life cycle of flies modeled into eggs, larvae, pupae, susceptible flies, and carrier flies, while the human system follows a compartment model as susceptible, infected, recovered, and back to susceptible again (SIRS). The relationships are modeled into an ordinary differential equation-based compartmental system. Then, the control parameters of the compartmental framework are analyzed. In order to propose effective control methods, five control strategies are considered: (1) elimination of flies’ breeding site, (2) sanitation, (3) installation of UV light trap, (4) good personal and food hygiene, and (5) water purification. Then, overall, ten control scenarios using the five control strategies are analyzed. Among them, effective control solutions considering various dynamic epidemiology are provided with the simulations and analyses. The proposed framework contributes to an effective control strategy in reducing the number of both flies and infected humans, since it minimizes the spread of the disease and considers cost-effectiveness.

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Study of pathogenic bacteria detected in fly samples using universal primer-multiplex PCR

Abstract: (De Vos V, et al., 1998;Dragon, DC, 1995;West, 1951;Markus, 1980;Kasprzak et al, 1981;Akinboade et al., 1984;Iwasa et al., 1999

Cited by 13 publications

References 17 publications

A systematic review of human pathogens carried by the housefly (Musca domestica L.)

A systematic review of human pathogens carried by the housefly (Musca domestica L.)

Isolation, Characterization and Antagonistic Activity of the External Microflora of the House fly, Musca domestica (Diptera: Muscidae)

Dynamic Model for the Epidemiology of Diarrhea and Simulation Considering Multiple Disease Carriers

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