Study of Pattern of Injuries by Road Traffic Accident on National Highway-24

Karne, Madhubala; Mishra, Sanjay; Tyagi, Ashish; Gaur, V.

doi:10.5958/2321-1024.2017.00008.3

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“…Road traffic accidents (RTA) are the major cause of maxillofacial injuries in the developing countries like India. 5 However usage of restraint devices significantly reduces the risk and severity of injury, and also reduces the number of deaths resulting from crashes. 6 Trauma is often related to the use of alcohol and its abuse has reached massive proportions, 7 no matter if the country is developed or not, it is being considered as public health problem.…”

Section: B a C K G R O U N Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retrospective Analysis of the Effect of Alcohol Abuse and Restraining Device on Maxillofacial Injury- A Study of 225 Cases

Bekal¹,

Brijesh²,

Suresha³

2019

jemds

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BACKGROUND Trauma is the most common cause of maxillofacial injury. Maxillofacial injuries can cause long-term functional, aesthetic, and psychological complication. Road traffic accidents (RTA) are the major causes in developing countries like India. Restraint devices significantly reduce the risk and severity of injury, and the number of deaths resulting from crashes. RTA is often related to the use of alcohol and has a strong association with facial injuries. The present study evaluated the demographic pattern, aetiology, management of maxillofacial injuries, its association of alcohol abuse and the effect of restraint/protective devices influencing their distribution. METHODS A four-year retrospective study was done between January 2014 to December 2017 on patients with maxillofacial injuries attending dental OPD and emergency department. A total of 225 patients with maxillofacial injury/trauma were analysed. Age ranged between 5-75 years. Patient with head injury, polytrauma and pregnant females were excluded from the study. Patients were evaluated by age, gender, mode of injury, aetiology, history of alcohol intake, maxillofacial injury sites, use of protective device at the time of injury and treatment rendered. Data was expressed in percentages. RESULTS A total of 225 patients accounting for 288 maxillofacial fractures were included and analysed. The male:female ratio was 3:1. Commonly affected age group was 21-30 year (49.3%). Road traffic accidents accounted for 49.01 %. Two wheelers were the most commonly involved vehicle. Mandible was the most commonly fractured site. Patients under the influence of alcohol contributed to more number of maxillofacial injuries. Also, non-use of restraining device increased the incidence of facial injury. CONCLUSIONS RTA with two wheelers is the most common aetiology of maxillofacial injuries, involving young adult (21-40 years) male patients. Mandible is most commonly fractured. Not using safety measures (helmets and seat belts) and also influence of alcohol are the major factors responsible for the injuries.

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Section: B a C K G R O U N Dmentioning

confidence: 99%