Study of phase transformation temperatures of alloys based on Fe–C–Cr in high-temperature area

Drozdová, Ľubomíra; Smetana, Bedřich; Zlá, Simona; Novák, Vlastimil; Kawuloková, Monika; Rosypalová, Silvie; Řeháčková, Lenka; Martiník, Ondřej; Dostál, Petr

doi:10.1007/s10973-018-7012-6

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The difference between the expansion coefficients of copper and iron can cause a variation in the binding forces between two crystal atoms. 21 A large volume fraction of d-ferrite causes two-phase cracking in the hot deformation, thus affecting the product completion rate. Hyejin Song 22 reported that Cu basically raised the austenite fraction acting as the austenite stabilizer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of copper element on hot behavior of 304L stainless steel

Li¹,

Zhao²,

Ma³

et al. 2018

Mater. Tehnol.

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Hot-deformation behavior of the 304L stainless steel containing copper was investigated with compression experiments at temperatures ranging from 1173 K to 1423 K under strain rates of 0.01-20 s-1 up to the true strain of 0.69. The adiabatic heating analysis indicated that the addition of copper to 304L resulted in a temperature rise, which was found to be sensitive to the strain rate. By calculating the constitutive equation, the hot-deformation activation energy of the non-Cu-containing steel was found to be 409 kJ/mol, but it reduced to 376 kJ/mol when 2.42 % copper was added to the steel, which implied that the addition of copper to stainless steel was not conducive to the occurrence of dynamic recrystallization. Furthermore, the true stress-strain curves indicated that the dynamic-recrystallization temperature and strain rate of the 2.42 % Cu-304L steel decreased. The processing maps showed that the unstable region increased and the hot-working area became narrower. The instability region was dominated by the adiabatic-shear zone and local-flow instability. Moreover, the morphological changes of d-ferrite into coarse columnar crystals made the steel more prone to cracking.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of copper element on hot behavior of 304L stainless steel

Li¹,

Zhao²,

Ma³

et al. 2018

Mater. Tehnol.

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“…Figure 3 Effect of the temperature regime on softening and liquidus temperature (sample 1) In summary, both temperatures (softening and liquidus temperature) were shifted to higher values as the heating rate increased. Such a phenomenon has been documented elsewhere, e.g., in paper [11], where authors provided an approximation to equilibrium conditions to compensate this behavior. A comparison of the given temperatures is listed in Table 3.…”

Section: Methods Based On Rheological Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 71%

Experimental study of thermoplastic properties of agglomerate

Novák

Řeháčková

Klus

et al. 2020

METAL 2020 Conference Proeedings

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Traditional routes of ironmaking and steelmaking processes demand high-temperature preparatory steps, such as coking and sintering. These processes are of great concern since they represent a considerable environmental burden. As an alternative, carbon-containing iron oxides agglomerates (sinters) can be used. In this work, the assessment of thermoplastic properties of prepared sinters, especially the determination of softening and liquidus temperatures, was performed by two methods: optical and spindle drop method. For the first-mentioned method, high-temperature observation furnace CLASIC was employed, which enables observation of changes in specimen shape depending on temperature. While in the case of the second method, Furnace Rheometer System FRS 1600 was used. This system allows measuring changes of spindle height as a function of temperature when different normal forces, in specific 3 and 20 N, are applied. Besides, analyzed sinters were of different grain sizes and contained approximately 59 wt.% of iron and 7.2 wt.% of iron(II) oxide. The samples were measured up to liquidus temperature at various heating rates in an inert atmosphere of argon gas. In summary, a good agreement between phase transformation temperatures measured by both methods was achieved, and the influence of experimental conditions on these temperatures was confirmed.

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“…Steel must be overheated to some extent for safe and proper operations regarding the continuous or ingot casting process. If no proper liquidus temperatures exist (is applied) for process adjusting, frequently excessive overheating is applied, leading to energy and time losses and, hence, financial losses and unnecessary environmental burden [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%