Study of PM10, PM2.5, and PM1 levels in during dust storms and local air pollution events in urban and rural sites in Tehran

Jaafari, Jalil; Naddafi, Kazem; Yunesian, Masud; Nabizadeh, Ramin; Hassanvand, Mohammad Sadegh; Ghozikali, Mohammad Ghanbari; Nazmara, Shahrokh; Shamsollahi, Hamid Reza; Yaghmaeian, Kamyar

doi:10.1080/10807039.2017.1389608

Cited by 51 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…PM can be released from three main sources: (1) anthropogenic sources such as cars, planes, industries and residential heating; (2) natural sources such as sea spray, soil erosion, forest fires and dust storms; (3) atmospheric transformation of gases and vapors into secondary aerosols [9]. Over the past few decades, dust storm has become a major concern in the Middle East, but its main characteristics (intensity, extent and frequency) are not well known or, at least, have not yet been analyzed in a scientific and systematic way [10]. Middle East is a part of the wellknown "dust belt" and the second major source of global dust after the Sahara Desert [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical composition of PM10 and its effect on in vitro hemolysis of human red blood cells (RBCs): a comparison study during dust storm and inversion

Faraji

Pourpak

Naddafi

et al. 2019

J Environ Health Sci Engineer

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical composition of PM10 and its effect on in vitro hemolysis of human red blood cells (RBCs): a comparison study during dust storm and inversion

Faraji

Pourpak

Naddafi

et al. 2019

J Environ Health Sci Engineer

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“…As can also be derived from Table 1, the PM 2.5 -to-PM 10 ratios do not seem to vary substantially from the observed average values to the maximum concentrations, which are likely enhanced by the long-range transport of desert dusts. Conversely, Jaafari et al [39] have shown noticeable decreases in the PM 2.5 -to-PM 10 ratios when areas are suspected or known to be impacted by regional or local dust storms. Desert dust size distributions are generally reported to be dominated by coarse particle sizes (>10 µm), but the coarser particle sizes may be selectively removed as an elevated dust plume is transported long-range downwind, resulting in evolving size distributions dominated by smaller particles [40,41].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Use of Low-Cost Ambient Particulate Sensors in Nablus, Palestine with Application to the Assessment of Regional Dust Storms

Khader

Martin

2019

Atmosphere

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Few air pollutant studies within the Palestinian territories have been reported in the literature. In March–April and May–June of 2018, three low-cost, locally calibrated particulate monitors (AirU’s) were deployed at different elevations and source areas throughout the city of Nablus in Northern West Bank, Palestine. During each of the three-week periods, high but site-to-site similar particulate matter less than 2.5 µm in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5) and less than 10 µm (PM10) concentrations were observed. The PM2.5 concentrations at the three sampling locations and during both sampling periods averaged 38.2 ± 3.6 µg/m3, well above the World Health Organization’s (WHO) 24 h guidelines. Likewise, the PM10 concentrations exceeded or were just below the WHO’s 24 h guidelines, averaging 48.5 ± 4.3 µg/m3. During both periods, short episodes were identified in which the particulate levels at all three sites increased substantially (≈2×) above the regional baseline. Air mass back trajectory analyses using U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s (NOAA) Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) model suggested that, during these peak episodes, the arriving air masses spent recent days over desert areas (e.g., the Saharan Desert in North Africa). On days with regionally low PM2.5 concentrations (≈20 µg/m3), back trajectory analysis showed that air masses were directed in from the Mediterranean Sea area. Further, the lower elevation (downtown) site often recorded markedly higher particulate levels than the valley wall sites. This would suggest locally derived particulate sources are significant and may be beneficial in the identification of potential remediation options.

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“…Thus, industrial and educational centers have led to the hospitalization of thousands of patients with cardiovascular and respiratory diseases in hospitals (21,22). Therefore, urban air pollution has been reported by some researchers due to the phenomenon of dust and PM 2.5 pollutants in Ahvaz city and many regions of Iran and the world (23,24). There was a significant relationship between PM 2.5 , proportion, and cases of attributable to health outcomes of COPD using the AirQ+ model.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of PM2.5 Pollutant and Risk of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) in Ahvaz, Iran

Zallaghi

Goudarzi

Sabzalipour

et al. 2020

Jundishapur J Chronic Dis Care

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Background: Urban air pollution was known to be one of the most important environmental problems due to its serious impact on human and environmental health. Among air pollutants, PM2.5 was the most common pollutant emitted by vehicles and dust and had negative consequences for human health, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Objectives: This study aimed to assess the change levels of PM2.5 pollutants and their effect on COPD outcomes in ten years (2008 - 2017) in Ahvaz. Methods: Data were taken from the Ahvaz Department of Environment (ADoE). Data validation was performed using WHO criteria. The average time of PM2.5 was computed, and its health effects were obtained by entering its annual data and population at risk, baseline incidence (BI), and relative risk index for COPD outcomes in AirQ + software. The PM2.5 concentration average in total time changes in Ahvaz city was higher than the standard concentration set by WHO. The AQI index indicated that the city of Ahvaz did not have a good day in total during the ten-year time. Results: The result of time changes and AQI index indicated that 2010 was the most polluted year with 47 unhealthy days and 27 dangerous days. Also, with the enhancement in the PM2.5 annual concentrations, the mortality attributed to this pollution has increased as a consequence of the COPD outcome. The highest and lowest average cases COPD were 24 people in 2010 and 18 people in 2014, respectively. Conclusions: According to the results of this study, the air quality of Ahvaz city was in an unfavorable condition in terms of PM2.5 pollutions and the authorities should take the necessary measures to control and reduce pollution in the metropolis of Ahvaz for PM2.5 and reduce the mortality for the COPD health outcome.

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Study of PM₁₀, PM_2.5, and PM₁ levels in during dust storms and local air pollution events in urban and rural sites in Tehran

Cited by 51 publications

References 54 publications

Chemical composition of PM10 and its effect on in vitro hemolysis of human red blood cells (RBCs): a comparison study during dust storm and inversion

Chemical composition of PM10 and its effect on in vitro hemolysis of human red blood cells (RBCs): a comparison study during dust storm and inversion

Use of Low-Cost Ambient Particulate Sensors in Nablus, Palestine with Application to the Assessment of Regional Dust Storms

Estimation of PM2.5 Pollutant and Risk of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) in Ahvaz, Iran

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