Study of pollution in the El Jadida-Safi Atlantic coastal zone (Morocco) by using PIXE and SSNTD methods

Erramli, H.; Gogon, Huberson Douo Bogbe; Misdaq, M. A.; Sauvage, Thierry; Ramboz, Claire

doi:10.1016/j.jenvrad.2008.02.003

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…8 and 10). The pollution in the air, water and soils of this region of Morocco due to these industrial activities is well documented (CNEDD Report, 2007;Gaudry et al, 2007;Erramli et al, 2008). The prevailing NNE trade winds in the region (Fig.…”

Section: Phosphorusmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Figure 10 shows the MCAR plots for NO 1990s) estimated annual SO 2 and NO x emissions of about 94 600 and 14 800 tons yr −1 , respectively (Khatami et al, 1998) Figure 11a and b shows a picture of Safi plant. Below it will be described how these emissions are a source of sulphate, ammonium, nitrate and other particulate pollutants in the region (CNEDD Report, 2007;Gaudry et al, 2007;Erramli et al, 2008).…”

Section: Calciummentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transport of desert dust mixed with North African industrial pollutants in the subtropical Saharan Air Layer

et al. 2011

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Abstract. An analysis of chemical composition data of particulate matter samples (TSP, PM 10 and PM 2.5 ) collected from 2002 to 2008 in the North Atlantic free troposphere at the Izaña Global Atmospheric Watch (GAW) observatory (Tenerife, Canary Islands) shows that desert dust is very frequently mixed with particulate pollutants in the Saharan Air Layer (SAL). The study of this data set with Median Concentrations At Receptor (MCAR) plots allowed the identification of the potential source regions of the dust and particulate pollutants. Areas located at the south of the southern slope of the Atlas mountains emerge as the most frequent source of the soil desert dust advected to the northern edge of the SAL in summer. Industrial emissions occurring in Northern Algeria, Eastern Algeria, Tunisia and the Atlantic coast of Morocco appear as the most important source of the nitrate, ammonium and a fraction of sulphate (at least 60 % of the sulphate <10 µm transported from some regions) observed in the SAL. These emissions are mostly linked to crude oil refineries, phosphate-based fertilizer industry and power plants. Although desert dust emissions appear as the most frequent source of the phosphorous observed in the SAL, high P concentrations are observed when the SAL is affected by emissions from open mines of phosphate and phosphate based fertilizer industry. The results also show that a significant fraction of the sulphate (up to 90 % of sulphate <10 µm transported from some regions) observed in the SAL may be influenced by soil emissions of evaporite minerals in well defined regions where dry saline lakes (chotts) are present. These interpretations of the MCAR plots are consistent with the results obtained with the Positive Matrix Factorization

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Section: Phosphorusmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Calciummentioning

confidence: 99%

Transport of desert dust mixed with North African industrial pollutants in the subtropical Saharan Air Layer

et al. 2011

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“…About half of these SO 2 and NO x emissions were attributed to Mohammedia coal fired power station ( Figure 11a and b shows a picture of Safi plant. Below it will be described how these emissions are a source of sulphate, ammonium, nitrate and other particulate pollutants in the region (CNEDD Report, 2007;Gaudry et al, 2007;Erramli et al, 2008).…”

Section: Nitrate Ammonium and Sulphate: Role Of Industrial Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transport of desert dust mixed with North African industrial pollutants in the subtropical Saharan Air Layer

Rodrı́guez¹,

Alástuey²,

Alonso-Pérez³

et al. 2011

Preprint

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An analysis of chemical composition data of particulate matter samples (TSP, PM10 and PM2.5) collected from 2002 to 2008 in the North Atlantic free troposphere at the Izana Global Atmospheric Watch (GAW) observatory (Tenerife, Canary Islands) shows that desert dust is very frequently mixed with particulate pollutants in the Saharan Air Layer (SAL). The study of this data set with Median Concentrations At Receptor (MCAR) plots allowed the identification of the potential source regions of the dust and particulate pollutants. Areas located at the south of the southern slope of the Atlas mountains emerge as the most frequent source of the soil desert dust advected to the northern edge of the SAL in summer. Industrial emissions occurring in Northern Algeria, Eastern Algeria, Tunisia and the Atlantic coast of Morocco appear as the most important source of the nitrate, ammonium and a fraction of sulphate (at least 60% of the sulphate <10 mu m transported from some regions) observed in the SAL. These emissions are mostly linked to crude oil refineries, phosphate-based fertilizer industry and power plants. Although desert dust emissions appear as the most frequent source of the phosphorous observed in the SAL, high P concentrations are observed when the SAL is affected by emissions from open mines of phosphate and phosphate based fertilizer industry. The results also show that a significant fraction of the sulphate (up to 90% of sulphate <10 mu m transported from some regions) observed in the SAL may be influenced by soil emissions of evaporite minerals in well defined regions where dry saline lakes (chotts) are present. These interpretations of the MCAR plots are consistent with the results obtained with the Positive Matrix Factorization PMF2) receptor modelling. The results of this study show that North African industrial pollutants may be mixed with desert dust and exported to the North Atlantic in the Saharan Air Layer.This study has been carried out within the Global Atmospheric Watch Program (financed by AEMET), and in the framework of the research projects GRACCIE (CSD2007-00067; Ministry of Science and Innovation of Spain), CARIATI (CGL2008-06294/CLI; Ministry of Science and Innovation of Spain), AER-REG (P07-RNM-03125; Department of Innovation, Science and Enterprise of the Government of Andalusia) and REDMAAS (CGL2010-11095-E; Ministry of Science and Innovation of Spain). We thank NOAA Air Resources Laboratory for the facilities (software and data) for determining back-trajectories, NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory for providing meteorological tools, NASA Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Service Centre (Giovanni service) for providing Aerosol Index data and Google Earth (TM), Google map (TM) and Panoramio (TM). We distinguish the excellent work performed by the staff in charge of the aerosol sampling: Fernando de Ory, Carlos Torres, Virgilio Varreno, Candida Hernandez, Julian Perez, Daniel Martin, Ruben Del Campo, Cesar Lopez, Marco Hernandez, Damian Exposito, Antonio Hernandez and Jose Hernandez

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“…Erramli et al [20] analyzed six solid samples (including one sample taken at the beach of Safi City south of El-Jadida) and eight water samples from the sewers of the fertilizer plant (not the discharged phosphogypsum). The study largely focused on comparing different analyzing techniques without commenting on potential pollution of the analyzed samples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the physicochemical, heavy metal and radiological contamination from phosphogypsum discharges of the phosphoric acid production unit on the coast of El Jadida Province in Morocco

Arhouni,

Hakkar,

Ouakkas

et al. 2023

J Radioanal Nucl Chem

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This work assesses potential physicochemical, metallic, and radiological contamination of liquid discharges from the phosphoric acid (PA) production unit at the coast of El Jadida Province in Morocco. The physicochemical parameters: pH, conductivity, salinity, turbidity, total hardness, nitrate, nitrite, orthophosphate, and heavy metals were analyzed in PA and beach samples. 238U, 232Th, and 226Ra were determined by gamma spectrometry, the Radon contents were determined using solid state detectors (LR-115). It is concluded that phosphate effluents are strongly acidic with a mean pH-value of 1.8 and that the discharges still contain relatively high levels of fluoride, phosphorus and radiological substances.

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Study of pollution in the El Jadida-Safi Atlantic coastal zone (Morocco) by using PIXE and SSNTD methods

Cited by 5 publications

References 8 publications

Transport of desert dust mixed with North African industrial pollutants in the subtropical Saharan Air Layer

Transport of desert dust mixed with North African industrial pollutants in the subtropical Saharan Air Layer

Transport of desert dust mixed with North African industrial pollutants in the subtropical Saharan Air Layer

Evaluation of the physicochemical, heavy metal and radiological contamination from phosphogypsum discharges of the phosphoric acid production unit on the coast of El Jadida Province in Morocco

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