Study of polymorphism of satellite DNA of improved and local horse breeds

Kalashnikov, V. V.; Храброва, Л. А.; Зайцев, А.М.; Kalinkova, L. V.; Зайцева, М. А.

doi:10.3103/s1068367410060194

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The history of TB horse breeding in a closed Stud Book for three centuries could result in a reduction of the genetic diversity of the TB horses. The relatively high degree of homozygosity in the horses of this breed was confirmed using microsatellite loci by other researchers [13][14][15][16]. Genomic analysis using the 670,000 genotyping array showed that the TB breed had the highest level of homozygosity [6].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

“…The measurement of the actual homozygosity level at the individual and population levels only became possible at the end of the 20th century due to the development of methods for studying genes and DNA polymorphisms. As a result of the widespread use of microsatellite loci in the control of animal origins, this type of highly polymorphic genetic marker has been successfully used to study the genetic features of breeds and their phylogenetic relationships [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ]. The characteristics of the genetic parameters of populations, among which the heterozygosity level is one of the most important, allow us to assess the impact of the breeding system on the level of inbreeding [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dynamics of the Inbreeding Coefficient and Homozygosity in Thoroughbred Horses in Russia

Kalashnikov

Храброва

Blohina

et al. 2020

Animals

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The Thoroughbred (TB) horse has hugely impacted the development of horse breeding around the world. This breed has unique genetic qualities due to having had a closed studbook for approximately 300 years. In Russia, TBs have been bred since the second half of the 18th century. Here, we analyzed the genetic diversity and the inbreeding level in TB horses (n = 9680) for the period from 1990 to 2018 using polymorphisms of 17 microsatellite loci. We found that the genetic structure of the TB breed in Russia is represented by 100 alleles of panel STR (short tandem repeat) loci and has been stable for the past three decades. The conducted monitoring revealed a slight increase in the Wright’s inbreeding coefficient in all age and sex groups of TB horses (stallions, broodmares, and foals) from 0.68% to 0.90%, which was followed by a decrease in the degree of heterozygosity, Ho, from 68.5% to 67.6%. The Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient between the level of inbreeding and the degree of homozygosity was estimated (r = 0.022; p > 0.05). The obtained data on the DNA genotypes of horses of different breeds provide a unique base for the evaluation of genetic variability and the control of genetic variability of horses in selection programs.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of the Inbreeding Coefficient and Homozygosity in Thoroughbred Horses in Russia

Kalashnikov

Храброва

Blohina

et al. 2020

Animals

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“…The evaluation of the genetic differentiation of the linear structure of TB revealed the presence of genetic characteristics of horses of different lines on the analyzed parameters (N a , A e , H o , MNA, F st ) which confirms the existence of interline differences at the molecular genetic level. Genetic distances between the lines varied in a wide range of 0.014-0.125, but on average they were not so great as the differences between the breeds (Kalashnikov et al, 2011). Earlier data suggest (Khrabrova, 2009) that genetic differences between TB sires of different lines are more contrasting and Nei's genetic distances varied in a wider interval, 0.041-0.234.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Only minor differences from TB populations of foreign countries in the frequency of rare alleles were revealed (Jungwoo et al, 2014;Shelyov et al, 2014;Rukavina et al, 2016). The results of a comparative analysis of the genetic structure of different breeds show that the TB breed has its own pool of alleles that remains stable for generations (Khrabrova, 2008;Kalashnikov et al, 2011;Khrabrova, Blohina, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of line differentiation in the Thoroughbred horse breed using DNA microsatellite loci

et al. 2019

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The Thoroughbred (TB) horse is the best racehorse breed used in the racing industry. This breed has had a closed studbook for about 300 years. In Russia TB horses have been bred since the second half of the XVIII century. The modern Russian Stud Book register of TB horses is partially presented by stallions and broodmares imported from different countries. The genealogical structure of the breed is represented by 17 lines, among which the Northern Dancer line dominates (30.9 %). The study of features of different lines of TB was carried out on 17 loci of DNA microsatellites (VHL20, HTG4, AHT4, HMS7, HTG6, AHT5, HMS6, ASB23, ASB2, HTG10, HTG7, HMS3, HMS2, ASB17, LEX3, HMS1 and CA425) to assess genetic differentiation of the genealogical structure. The results of the DNA typing of 8091 Thoroughbred horses across microsatellite loci show that the gene pool of the domestic population is represented by 100 alleles typical of the breed. A comparative analysis of the genotypes of horses representing different lines indicates that they differ in the number of alleles (85–99), allele frequencies, the level of polymorphism Ae (2.93–3.48) and the degree of the observed heterozygosity Ho (0.653–0.739). The genetic distances between the lines varied in a wide range from 0.014 (Nasrullah – Northern Dancer) to 0.125 (Massine – Teddy). The correspondence to HWE was maintained in most lines, which is confirmed by the negative values of Fis. Cluster analysis demonstrated the correspondence of the obtained dendrogram of Nei’s genetic distances to its genealogical scheme of lines. Genetic differentiation of lines by index Fst varied in a range 0.005–0.073 at the mean value Fst = 0.024. The data indicate genetic differentiation of lines of TB at the STR markers and confirm the effectiveness of the system of linear breeding for the maintenance of interbreed biodiversity.

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“…This may be due to the peculiarities of contact between the cultures under consideration and their migration routes. The study of a control region of mitochondrial DNA in 11 modern Altai horses from Russia showed higher genetic diversity of this sequence in horses of different breeds from the Baltic region than in horses of the Altai breed [ 10 ], while studies of microsatellite sequences in Altai horses and horses of other native breeds of Siberia and Mongolia revealed the largest diversity in the former with the presence of unique alleles [ 11 , 12 , 13 ]. Since comparison of the mitochondrial genetic diversity of the Altai horse with other native breeds of the region has not yet been implemented, and the domestic horses of the Altai Mountains of Russia are underrepresented in genetic studies compared to horses of the Altai Mountains of neighboring countries, we decided to close this gap.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic History of the Altai Breed Horses: From Ancient Times to Modernity

Kusliy

Yurlova

Neumestova

et al. 2023

Genes

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This study focuses on expanding knowledge about the genetic diversity of the Altai horse native to Siberia. While studying modern horses from two Altai regions, where horses were subjected to less crossbreeding, we tested the hypothesis, formulated on the basis of morphological data, that the Altai horse is represented by two populations (Eastern and Southern) and that the Mongolian horse has a greater genetic proximity to Eastern Altai horses. Bone samples of ancient horses from different cultures of Altai were investigated to clarify the genetic history of this horse breed. As a genetic marker, we chose hypervariable region I of mitochondrial DNA. The results of the performed phylogenetic and population genetic analyses of our and previously published data confirmed the hypothesis stated above. As we found out, almost all the haplotypes of the ancient domesticated horses of Altai are widespread among modern Altai horses. The differences between the mitochondrial gene pools of the ancient horses of Altai and Mongolia are more significant than between those of modern horses of the respective regions, which is most likely due to an increase in migration processes between these regions after the Early Iron Age.

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Study of polymorphism of satellite DNA of improved and local horse breeds

Cited by 6 publications

References 5 publications

Dynamics of the Inbreeding Coefficient and Homozygosity in Thoroughbred Horses in Russia

Dynamics of the Inbreeding Coefficient and Homozygosity in Thoroughbred Horses in Russia

Assessment of line differentiation in the Thoroughbred horse breed using DNA microsatellite loci

Genetic History of the Altai Breed Horses: From Ancient Times to Modernity

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