Study of prebiotic potential and antioxidant activity in Plantago spp. leaves after enzymatic hydrolysis with hemicellulase and xylanase

Abstract

The leaves of Plantago species have been known as a rich source of polysaccharides, polyphenols, and iridoids. In the recent years, some authors have examined the relative influence of carbohydrate compositions and polyphenols on their antioxidant and prebiotic activity. In this study enzymatic hydrolysis of Plantago major, Plantago lanceolata, and Plantago media leaves with hemicellulase and xylanase was carried out. The chemical composition of the enzyme‐derived hydrolysis products was determined. Their antioxidant activity was evaluated using 2,2‐diphenyl‐2‐picryl‐hydrazyl‐hydrate, ferric reducing antioxidant power, and cupric reducing antioxidant capacity assays. The utilization of the carbohydrate complex from the obtained hydrolysates to stimulate the production of certain glycohydrolases from Lactobacillus plantarum probiotic strains was investigated. The HPLC analysis of the hydrolysis products showed the presence of galactose and arabinose in 1:3 and 1:4 ratios. The highest concentration of total sugars was determined in P. major hydrolysates with hemicellulase (386.71 mg/g dry weight). The antioxidant activity according to the three methods was the highest in P. media hydrolysates, which correlated with their total phenolic concentration. L. plantarum S27 showed the highest values of α‐galactosidase activity at the 24‐h fermentation process when it was cultivated in a broth with the presence of P. major hydrolysates with hemicellulase and xylanase (0.129 U/mg and 0.133 U/mg, respectively).

Prebiotic potential of Azolla pinnata (R.Br.) and dietary inclusion effect of pulverised azolla on the growth performance of milkfish fingerlings

“…Results showed that PA stimulated the growth of L. rhamnosus better than glucose within 4 to 6 hours of incubation; albeit, growth of the probiotic did not significantly improve thereafter. This result is similar to the findings of Lukova et al (2018), in that, growth in vitro of L. plantarum strains in the culture medium containing 10% hydrolysates from dried leaves of Plantago spp. was significantly lower after 24 hours of incubation, as compared to the medium with glucose.…”

“…was significantly lower after 24 hours of incubation, as compared to the medium with glucose. The poor growth response of the studied lactobacilli was probably due to the presence of galactose and arabinose, which are difficult to metabolize (Lukova et al 2018). In contrast, Chimtong et al (2016) reported that oligosaccharides derived from hydrolysed spent tea leaves improved growth in vitro of L. acidophilus after 18 hours incubation, compared to glucose.…”

Metabolic Profiling of Xylooligosaccharides by Lactobacilli

“…Our previous studies and other publications are envisaged to understand in detail the metabolism of XOSs by Lactobacillus spp. [ 27 , 28 ]…”

Plantago media L.—Explored and Potential Applications of an Underutilized Plant

“…The results obtained by Grigore et al [ 61 ] in the antioxidant enzyme activity assays suggest a higher antioxidant potential of P. media (compared with other Plantago species), and a superior activity in the flowering phenophase. Lukova et al also obtained superior results in the in vitro antioxidant assays for the hoary plantain, compared with P. major and P. lanceolata , although significantly lower compared with the values obtained for the BTH standard, for ethanol extracts, hemicellulose, respectively xylanase hydrolysates) [ 31 , 62 ].…”