Study of precipitation hardening in lead calcium tin anodes for copper electrowinning

Camurri, C.; Carrasco, Claudia; Prat, O.; Mangalaraja, R.V.; Pagliero, A.; Colás, Rafael

doi:10.1179/174328409x443245

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This was due to some partial recuperation process. Note that the precipitation of the CaSn 3 particles occurs at higher temperature, 225 up to 630°C, 11) than of the cell of 40 to 50°C. Anodes with lower mechanical quality, with a yield stress below 48 MPa, are deformed after a few months of operation in the cells, a period in which they also release the residual stresses induced during their cold rolling fabrication.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Lead-Based Anodes for Copper Electrowinning: Effect of Grain Size on Mechanical and Anticorrosion Properties

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aim of this paper was to study the effect of the grain size of lead-based anodes for copper electrowinning on their mechanical and anticorrosion properties. Aged anodes were cold rolled to different thicknesses, achieving reductions varying from their standard 50% up to 75%. The grain size, yield stress, and corrosion behavior of the different rolled samples was evaluated by galvanostatic polarization essays. It was found that by lowering the grain size, the yield stress of the anodes increased up to 66 MPa and the improved anodes maintained a higher yield stress with time and throughout temperature operation in cells, as compared with the currently used anodes. Also, a significant diminution of the corroded mass, up to 30%, was observed as cold reduction increased due to the formation of a more compact and less permeable PbSO 4 at lower grain size.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Lead-Based Anodes for Copper Electrowinning: Effect of Grain Size on Mechanical and Anticorrosion Properties

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The electrochemical deposition is a quite competitive method to treatment copper-containing wastewater developed in recent years. This paper refines the optimization of the experimental conditions on the basis of previous studies, investigate the deposition efficiency and current efficiency by blowing nitrogen and deepen the mechanism analysis [4,5] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Experimental Study on Wastewater Treatment Containing Copper with Electrodeposition Method

Chen

Lin

Ren

et al. 2013

AMR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In order to achieve the goal of purifing the waste water and recycling of copper, use the electrodeposition to treat the copper-containing wastewater. The experiment studies the effects of electrode materials, cell voltage, plate distance, pH and other experimental conditions in the process of deposition and the effect of blowing nitrogen in the process of deposition. The results show that the best condition is using graphite-aluminum electrode, cell voltage is 7V, plate distance is 10mm and pH is 3 under the condition of blowing nitrogen. From which the removal rate of copper can reach more than 93%. Nitrogen can effectively reduce the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the water, reduce the degree of corrosion of the metal and eliminate the concentration polarization and electrochemical polarization in the deposition process to obtain a higher electrodeposition efficiency and current efficiency.

show abstract

“…In this regard several papers [6][7][8][9] deal with the effect of quenching and aging on the precipitation behavior of Pb-Ca-Sn alloys. Concerning to the precipitation hardening, obtained in the industrial practice by a natural cooling from the ingot to a initial hot rolling temperature of 150 ºC, Camurri et al [1][2][3][4][5] stated that this hardening reaches desirable values after at least one month of aging, lapse on which the CaSn 3 [10][11] particles has a average size of 42 nanometers, and the contribution to the yield stress is similar to the one obtained by an adequate deformation hardening, 20 MPa. In addition to the yield stress of the anodes, as noted depending on the deformation and precipitation hardening, other factor that affects the useful life is the corrosion that anodes suffers in the cells, which depends on operating conditions and anode own characteristics such as shape and grain size and the location and distribution of the precipitates [12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Optimal Deformation Hardening in Lead Base Anodes for Copper Electrowinning for an Appropiate Working Life

Camurri

Carrasco

Maril

2016

MSF

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The lead base anodes (Pb-0.07% Ca-1.3% Sn) of 6 mm thick have limited working life due to their loss of thickness and corrosion during the electrowinning process. If this loss of thickness is combined with a low yield stress of the anodes, these are much more likely to suffer premature deformations and distortions in cells. The aim of this study is to optimize the deformation hardening of the anodes, so as to achieve the best combination of yield stress and corrosion resistance to increase their working life. To achieve this the aged anodes were cold rolled to different area reductions from the standard 50% to 75%. To each one of these rolled anodes its yield stress was determined by plane compression tests, their grain sizes was measured by means of optical microscopy and their corrosion rate was determined by coulomb metric assays in a cell using an electrolyte concentration of sulfuric acid of 180 g/l and a oxidation current density of 300 A/m2.It was found that the maximum yield stress of the anodes increases from 58 MPa to 64 MPa when cold reduction goes up from 50% and reach 70% . Regarding the corrosion rate, the maximum and minimum values were 0.33 mm/ year and 0.30 mm / year, i.e., with no significant differences between the different rolled anodes. Based on the above results it is concluded that an increase in the working life of the anodes is obtained simply by giving them greater cold rolling deformation from the current 50% to 70% of area reduction.

show abstract

Study of precipitation hardening in lead calcium tin anodes for copper electrowinning

Cited by 9 publications

References 8 publications

Lead-Based Anodes for Copper Electrowinning: Effect of Grain Size on Mechanical and Anticorrosion Properties

Lead-Based Anodes for Copper Electrowinning: Effect of Grain Size on Mechanical and Anticorrosion Properties

Experimental Study on Wastewater Treatment Containing Copper with Electrodeposition Method

Optimal Deformation Hardening in Lead Base Anodes for Copper Electrowinning for an Appropiate Working Life

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About