Study of RF Propagation Losses in Homogeneous Brick and Concrete Walls using Analytical Frequency Dependent Models

Abstract

: The prediction of wall losses is a fundamental aspect in the development of ultra-wideband through-the-wall (TTW) detection systems. Accurate ultra-wideband signal attenuation prediction has always been very difficult due to a broad variety of building materials without the support of a sophisticated model. In this paper, the attenuation of different types of concrete and brick walls are estimated using the electromagnetic characteristics of building materials for frequencies from 1 to 5 GHz by two theoretical models based on the method of general solutions of wave equations using boundary conditions and the impedance transformation method or the method of transmission line analogy. This estimation will enable in the design of any ultra wideband through-the wall radar system.

Investigations of wireless transmission model based on delta function in indoor environment

“…This is due to the phenomenon of attenuation, scattering and multipath [11]. This parameters measurements was also studied in [12].…”

“…Buildings and other structures cause difficult problems for wireless (radio) communications. Whether communication is via ZigBee, Wi-Fi or personal cellular phone, communications to, from, and within structures can degrade depending on a variety of factors [11,12]. These factors include multipath effects, reflection from coated exterior glass, non-line-of-sight path loss, and signal absorption in the building construction materials, among others.…”

An adaptive approach for the detection of contrast targets for the through-wall imaging

“…It can be observed in Table 3 that PSNR = 15.5694 is optimum for the contrast target at wall dielectric (ε r = 5.3) and thickness (d = 13.5 cm). The attenuation constant (α) for the wall parameter values is 0.54695 from [24]. This value of α can be put in equation (20) to compensate for the attenuation due to the wall, processed images after amplitude attenuation correction are shown in Fig.…”

“… Ratio of standard deviation to mean amplitude: Higher-order metrics: where γ denotes the higher order metrics, σ is the standard deviation, and μ is the mean, while is the estimated mean. In this paper, unlike [1] we have used the above measures to estimate the thickness and dielectric constant of the wall when the either-or parameter is considered [24]. In the category of higher-order metrics, Kurtosis is the fourth-order moment and gives greater details about the probability distribution of the data hence it is considered in the estimation for wall parameters.…”

“…In [24], the attenuation of different types of concrete and brick walls is estimated in the frequency range 1–5 GHz. In equation (5) there is a term related to attenuation due to wall and to nullify the effect of this factor we have to multiply I ( x q ) with .…”