Study of Risk Factors of Stroke in Patients Admitted at Kohalpur Teaching Hospital

Abstract

Background: Stroke is the major public health burden and the second major cause of death worldwide. This disease is common in old age persons, however the disease can also be seen in young persons. Identifying the modifiable risk factors of stroke may have contribution in prevention.Objective: The retrospective study was done to study risk factors of stroke in adult patients.Method and Material: This is a hospital based retrospective study conducted in Department of Medicine, Nepalgunj Medical College and st th Teaching Hospital, Kohalpur from the period of 1 January 2015 to 30 October 2016. A total of 119 patients were involved in this study. The diagnosis was confirmed using CT scan after taking history and performing clinical examination. Patients were then evaluated for the presence of both non-modifiable as well as modifiable risk factors. The data analysis was done using SPSS 13.0.Results: The mean age of the patient was 59.76±11.22. Among the collected patients, the higher percentage were male in comparison to female. Ischemic Stroke was more common than hemorrhagic stroke in our study. Other conventional risk factors were as follows: Alcohol use75(63%),cigarette smoking 70(58.8%), hypertension 60 (50.4%),diabetes 11(9.2%),previous vascular event 9(7.6%), heart disease 4(3.4%).Conclusions: Ischemic stroke was more common than hemorrhagic stroke; with alcohol use followed by smoking, hypertension and diabetes mellitus being the most common modifiable risk factors. Incidence of stroke increases with the age and the early recognition and management of the risk factors might reduce this major public burden. JNGMC, Vol. 14 No. 2 December 2016, Page: 53-55

Stroke epidemiology and outcomes of stroke patients in Nepal: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…The sample size of quantitative studies ranged from nine to 1017 participants. Studies were mainly published in national journals (n = 48) [ 10 – 21 , 23 – 35 , 37 , 39 , 41 – 43 , 45 – 56 , 58 – 60 , 63 , 64 ], and only seven studies were published in international journals [ 22 , 36 , 40 , 44 , 57 , 61 , 62 ].…”

“…Of the 55 studies in stroke patients, majority (n = 26) were done in Kathmandu valley [ 12 , 13 , 15 , 16 , 19 , 22 , 27 – 29 , 31 , 33 , 34 , 41 – 45 , 49 – 52 , 54 , 55 , 59 , 61 , 64 ], followed by Sunsari (n = 7) [ 18 , 30 , 40 , 53 , 56 , 60 , 63 ], Chitwan (n = 6) [ 21 , 25 , 26 , 47 , 48 , 57 ] and Morang (n = 6) [ 24 , 32 , 36 , 46 , 58 , 62 ], which represent Central and Eastern region of Nepal. Only three studies were done in Nepalgunj, the Mid-western part of Nepal [ 11 , 23 , 39 ]. The location of each study within Nepal is presented in Table 2 and represented in Fig.…”

“…The details of the outcome parameters are presented in Table 2 under the main focus area. Fifty studies reported on the types of strokes [ 10 – 62 , 64 ], and 44 studies investigated risk factors in stroke patients [ 10 , 12 – 14 , 16 , 18 – 26 , 28 , 30 – 33 , 35 – 37 , 39 – 41 , 43 – 45 , 47 – 54 , 56 – 59 , 61 – 64 ]. Six studies described using CT scan [ 10 , 11 , 18 , 28 , 47 , 53 ].…”

“…Of 44 studies reporting risk factors in stroke patients [ 10 , 12 – 14 , 16 , 18 – 26 , 28 , 30 – 33 , 35 – 37 , 39 – 41 , 43 – 45 , 47 – 54 , 56 – 59 , 61 – 64 ], pooled data showed hypertension as the most prevalent comorbidity in 50.61% of patients, followed by history of smoking (38.65%), significant alcohol intake (27.31%), diabetes (17.39%), dyslipidemia (8.59%) and atrial fibrillation (5.87%) (refer to Table 2 for more details). Other socio-economic data of patients, like ethnicity and profession, is included in ‘Appendix 3 Education, ethnicity, and job of study participants’.…”

“…Only eight studies were rated as the highest level of evidence (LOE 1) [ 17 , 26 , 46 , 51 , 52 , 55 – 57 ]. The vast majority of studies were found to have a low level of evidence (n = 27) [ 10 – 16 , 18 , 20 , 25 , 28 , 31 , 33 , 34 , 37 , 39 , 47 – 50 , 54 , 58 – 60 , 62 – 64 ].…”