Study of satellite retrieved CO2 and CH4 concentration over India

Prasad, Prabhunath; Rastogi, Shantanu; Singh, Randhir

doi:10.1016/j.asr.2014.07.021

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Their result demonstrated that XCO 2 reached a maximum in spring (April) when vegetation has yet to start growing, and reached a minimum in summer (July and August). Prasad et al () reported similar variations in India.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 65%

Assessment of seasonal variations of carbon dioxide concentration in Iran using GOSAT data

Mousavi

Falahatkar

Farajzadeh

2017

Natural Resources Forum

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Global warming and climate change have been identified as the most important challenges of the 21st century. Greenhouse Gases Observation Satellite (GOSAT) measures the concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO 2) and methane (CH 4) in the atmosphere column from the earth's surface to the upper atmosphere. In this research, GOSAT Thermal And Near Infrared Sensor for Carbon Observation – Fourier Transform Spectrometer (TANSO‐FTS) level 2 data and meteorological parameters were used in the assessment of changes in CO 2 concentration (XCO 2) from 2009 to 2015. We investigated the relationship between XCO 2 and meteorological parameters (temperature and precipitation) obtained from weather stations and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) in the year 2013 in Iran. The results reveal a steady increase in the mean atmospheric CO 2 concentration, from 384.89 to 400.39 ppm. It was observed that the XCO 2 varied significantly depending on the month, with the highest concentration of CO 2 in April/May and the lowest concentration in August/September. The correlation between XCO 2 and average monthly air temperature is negative, which means that a reduction in XCO 2 with an increase in temperature is dependent on photosynthetic activities in the growing seasons. The highest and lowest correlation coefficient between the NDVI and XCO 2 was obtained in the spring and in the fall, respectively. These findings are useful for recognizing factors that affect CO 2 concentration in different seasons in arid and semi‐arid regions, and as an initial step toward sustainable management.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 65%

Assessment of seasonal variations of carbon dioxide concentration in Iran using GOSAT data

Mousavi

Falahatkar

Farajzadeh

2017

Natural Resources Forum

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“…Continuous estimation and prediction of atmospheric CH 4 concentrations is necessary to understand the associated global climate change. 7 Several ground in-situ measurements and sampling networks accurately obtain the concentration of CH 4 on regular basis. These are NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration), TCCON (Total Carbon Column Observing Network), ICOS (Integrated Carbon Observation System), etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The GOSAT spectral band at 5800-6400 cm À1 (1.72-1.56 mm) is useful in detection and retrieval of CH 4 and has been used in most researches. 7,[22][23][24][25][26][27] This band of GOSAT takes measurement with 0.26 cm À1 ($0.07 nm) or better resolution. The observation strategy of GOSAT is based on measuring spectra of backscattered sunlight by the Earth's surface and atmosphere at different wavelengths.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiative transfer modeling of atmospheric methane for satellite measurements in the 1.66 micron spectral window

Prasad

Rastogi

Singh

2018

Journal of Near Infrared Spectroscopy

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Atmospheric methane is the second most important greenhouse gas after carbon dioxide and has significant impact on the atmosphere and climate. Continuous estimation and prediction of atmospheric CH 4 concentrations is important for understanding the associated global climate change. To constrain suitable spectral window and detector resolutions for satellite instruments, spectral simulations have been performed considering tropical atmospheric conditions. The study is focused on the 1.66 micron spectral region having CH 4 bands that are suitable for its detection and estimation. Both CH 4 concentration and spectral resolution are varied to identify optimum spectral resolution limit. The R branch peak at 1.6456 mm is found to be the most sensitive and suitable for CH 4 estimation. A concentration retrieval scheme is proposed and it is interpreted that the spectral resolution should not be worse than 0.2 nm.

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“…Ambient CH 4 concentrations are highest during June to September (peaking in September) in South Asia, which are also the growing months for rice paddies (Goroshi et al, 2011). The minimum column-averaged CH 4 mixing ratios are in February-March (Prasad et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Goroshi et al (2011) reported that June to September is a growing season for rice paddies in South Asia, with high CH 4 emissions during these months, and observed a peak in September in the atmospheric CH 4 column over India. Model analysis also points to high methane emissions in September, which coincides with the growing period of rice paddies (Goroshi et al, (2014) 2011; Prasad et al, 2014). The CH 4 mixing ratios at Bode in January (2.233 ± 0.219 ppm) and July (2.129 ± 0.168 ppm) were slightly higher than the observation in Darjeeling (January: 1.929 ± 0.056 ppm; July: 1.924 ± 0.065 ppm), a hill station in the eastern Himalayas (Ganesan et al, 2013).…”

Section: Monthly and Seasonal Variationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal and diurnal variations in methane and carbon dioxide in the Kathmandu Valley in the foothills of the central Himalayas

Mahata

Panday

Rupakheti³

et al. 2017

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. The SusKat-ABC (Sustainable Atmosphere for the Kathmandu Valley-Atmospheric Brown Clouds) international air pollution measurement campaign was carried out from December 2012 to June 2013 in the Kathmandu Valley and surrounding regions in Nepal. The Kathmandu Valley is a bowl-shaped basin with a severe air pollution problem. This paper reports measurements of two major greenhouse gases (GHGs), methane (CH 4 ) and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), along with the pollutant CO, that began during the campaign and were extended for 1 year at the SusKat-ABC supersite in Bode, a semi-urban location in the Kathmandu Valley. Simultaneous measurements were also made during 2015 in Bode and a nearby rural site (Chanban) ∼ 25 km (aerial distance) to the southwest of Bode on the other side of a tall ridge. The ambient mixing ratios of methane (CH 4 ), carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), water vapor, and carbon monoxide (CO) were measured with a cavity ring-down spectrometer (G2401; Picarro, USA) along with meteorological parameters for 1 year (March 2013-March 2014. These measurements are the first of their kind in the central Himalayan foothills. At Bode, the annual average mixing ratios of CO 2 and CH 4 were 419.3 (±6.0) ppm and 2.192 (±0.066) ppm, respectively. These values are higher than the levels observed at background sites such as Mauna Loa, USA (CO 2 : 396.8 ± 2.0 ppm, CH 4 : 1.831 ± 0.110 ppm) and Waliguan, China (CO 2 : 397.7 ± 3.6 ppm, CH 4 : 1.879 ± 0.009 ppm) during the same period and at other urban and semi-urban sites in the region, such as Ahmedabad and Shadnagar (India). They varied slightly across the seasons at Bode, with seasonal average CH 4 mixing ratios of 2.157 (±0.230) ppm in the pre-monsoon season, 2.199 (±0.241) ppm in the monsoon, 2.210 (±0.200) ppm in the post-monsoon, and 2.214 (±0.209) ppm in the winter season. The average CO 2 mixing ratios were 426.2 (±25.5) ppm in the pre-monsoon, 413.5 (±24.2) ppm in the monsoon, 417.3 (±23.1) ppm in the postmonsoon, and 421.9 (±20.3) ppm in the winter season. The maximum seasonal mean mixing ratio of CH 4 in winter was only 0.057 ppm or 2.6 % higher than the seasonal minimum during the pre-monsoon period, while CO 2 was 12.8 ppm or 3.1 % higher during the pre-monsoon period (seasonal maximum) than during the monsoon (seasonal minimum). On the other hand, the CO mixing ratio at Bode was 191 % higher during the winter than during the monsoon season. The enhancement in CO 2 mixing ratios during the pre-monsoon season is associated with additional CO 2 emissions from forest fires and agro-residue burning in northern South Asia in addition to local emissions in the Kathmandu Valley. Published CO/CO 2 ratios of different emission sources in Nepal and India were compared with the observed CO/CO 2 ratios in this study. This comparison suggested that the major sources in the Kathmandu Valley were residential cooking and vehicle exhaust in all seasons except winter. In winter, brick kiln emissions were a major source. Simultaneous measurements in Bode and Chanban (15 July-3 O...

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Study of satellite retrieved CO2 and CH4 concentration over India

Cited by 19 publications

References 24 publications

Assessment of seasonal variations of carbon dioxide concentration in Iran using GOSAT data

Assessment of seasonal variations of carbon dioxide concentration in Iran using GOSAT data

Radiative transfer modeling of atmospheric methane for satellite measurements in the 1.66 micron spectral window

Seasonal and diurnal variations in methane and carbon dioxide in the Kathmandu Valley in the foothills of the central Himalayas

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