Study of seismic diffractions caused by a fracture zone at In Salah carbon dioxide storage project

Zhang, Rui; Vasco, D. W.; Daley, Thomas M.

doi:10.1016/j.ijggc.2015.07.033

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 29 publications

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“…Unlike the reflection waves associated with smooth variations of the subsurface properties, diffraction waves are generated from small-scale bodies and discontinuities, such as cracks, caves, fractures, and pinch-outs [28][29][30]. Modelling and interpreting seismic diffractions have proven their value in providing information about the nature and presence of the small-scale bodies in the subsurface [31][32][33][34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seismic Diffraction Analysis of a Fluid Escape Pipe beneath the Submarine Gas Bubble Plume in the Haima Cold Seep Area

Liu

Chen

et al. 2021

Geofluids

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Pipe structures are considered as fluid conduits beneath cold seeps. These structures have been observed in many geological settings and are widely accepted as the most critical pathway for fluid migration. One of such pipe structures in the Haima cold seep region is investigated herein. The pipe structure extends from below the BSR and reaches the seafloor. It is characterized by a string of events with short and strong seismic amplitudes, similar to the string of bead reflections (SBRs) associated with small-scale caves in carbonate reservoirs. This leads to the hypothesis that multiple small-scale bodies exist within the pipe structure. We test this hypothesis by analysis of diffraction waves and numerical seismic modeling. Travel time pattern analysis indicates that the diffractors within the pipe structure caused the rich diffraction waves on the shot records, and the reversed polarity indicates that the diffractors have a lower impedance than the surrounding sediments. These low-impedance bodies are interpreted as gas pockets within the pipe structures. Based on these interpretations, a conceptual model is proposed to describe the fluid migration process within the pipe. Briefly, we propose that gas pockets within the pipe structure could be analogue to the magma chambers located beneath volcanoes and this may provide a new insight into how gases migrate through the pipe structure and reach the seafloor.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seismic Diffraction Analysis of a Fluid Escape Pipe beneath the Submarine Gas Bubble Plume in the Haima Cold Seep Area

Liu

Chen

et al. 2021

Geofluids

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Geodetic Monitoring of the Geological Storage of Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Vasco

Ferretti²,

Rucci³

et al. 2022

Geophysical Monitoring for Geologic Carbon Storage

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Geodetic monitoring involves the repeated measurement of the deformation of the Earth. As discussed here, it is a cost-effective approach for inferring reservoir integrity and detecting possible leakage associated with the geological storage of greenhouse gas emissions. Most geodetic methods have favorable temporal sampling, from minutes to months depending upon the technique adopted, and can detect anomalous behavior in a timely fashion. Satellite-based approaches such as Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR), with their high spatial resolution and broad coverage, are particularly well suited for monitoring industrial scale storage efforts. Multi-temporal analysis, such as permanent scatterer techniques, are improving the accuracy of surface displacement measurements to better then 4-5 mm. New satellites, including the recent X-band systems, are allowing for the routine estimation of two-components of deformation. Data interpretation and inversion techniques may be used to relate the observed displacements to injection-related volume change at depth. InSAR monitoring was used successfully at a gas storage site at In Salah, Algeria where it was determined that the flow in the reservoir was influenced by large-scale fault/fracture zones. InSAR observations are also key components of the monitoring programs at the Aquistore CO2 storage project in Canada, and the Illinois Basis Decatur Project in the United States. Current InSAR data from both sites indicates no major surface deformation that might be attributed to the stored carbon dioxide, suggesting that the injected fluid remains at depth.

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3D Numerical Simulation of Elastic Wave Propagation in Discrete Fracture Network Rocks

Chen

Song

Liu

2019

Pure Appl. Geophys.

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Study of seismic diffractions caused by a fracture zone at In Salah carbon dioxide storage project

Cited by 6 publications

References 29 publications

Seismic Diffraction Analysis of a Fluid Escape Pipe beneath the Submarine Gas Bubble Plume in the Haima Cold Seep Area

Seismic Diffraction Analysis of a Fluid Escape Pipe beneath the Submarine Gas Bubble Plume in the Haima Cold Seep Area

Geodetic Monitoring of the Geological Storage of Greenhouse Gas Emissions

3D Numerical Simulation of Elastic Wave Propagation in Discrete Fracture Network Rocks

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