Study of serum Granzyme B in heavy cigarette smokers with and without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Abstract

Background: Inflammation of the airways is present in COPD with increased number of inflammatory cells including killer cells that lyse their target cells by two mechanisms; membranolysis in which secreted molecules such as granzymes form pores in the membrane of target cells; and apoptosis. Granzyme B has the strongest apoptotic activity of all granzymes.Aim of this work: Aim of this work was to study the relation between Granzyme B, tobacco smoking and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Methods: The study included 40 clinically stable COPD patients classified according to GOLD (2013) criteria into two groups; moderate (GOLD II) and severe (GOLD III) plus 40 apparently healthy control subjects (20 smokers and 20 nonsmokers). Pulmonary function results and serum levels of Granzyme B (measured by ELISA) were recorded.

Novel Noninvasive Serum Biomarkers for Prompt Diagnosis of Breast Carcinoma

“…The findings of Note: ligand: vitamin D; fitness value: evaluation of clusters using the RMSD matrix, which is calculated by plotting RMSD against the crystal structure; score: energy of docking; H-bond: number of hydrogen bonds; length: bond length between the protein residue and the ligand. our study showed GrB higher concentration than a study undertaken 38 that ascertained that the mean GrB levels were 287.08 ± 118.43 in cases and 88.65 ± 59.68 in controls. However, a study carried out 39 on 228 females with TNBC who experienced resection with no neoadjuvant chemotherapy found that GrB expression was high among 46.5% while low among 53.5% of females.…”

“…When the GrB levels among women of all groups were assessed, the study found that the mean GrB levels were 605.17 ± 344.839, 542.99 ± 287.932, and 346.64 ± 379.625 pg/mL in Group-I, -II, and -III, respectively (Table ). The findings of our study showed GrB higher concentration than a study undertaken that ascertained that the mean GrB levels were 287.08 ± 118.43 in cases and 88.65 ± 59.68 in controls. However, a study carried out on 228 females with TNBC who experienced resection with no neoadjuvant chemotherapy found that GrB expression was high among 46.5% while low among 53.5% of females.…”

Proteases in Pemphigoid Diseases

“…Since GzmB directly cleaves collagen XVII, GzmB may also contribute to the neoepitope generation in BP as similar to plasmin and ADAMs. Intriguingly, as GzmB is upregulated with age, it could help to explain its role in age-related autoimmune blistering pathologies such as BP, however further studies are required (3, 300).…”