Study of serum interaction with a cationic nanoparticle: Implications for in vitro endocytosis, cytotoxicity and genotoxicity

Porous nanoparticles as delivery system of complex antigens for an effective vaccine against acute and chronic Toxoplasma gondii infection

“…The presence of serum proteins decreased, but not abolished, the delivery of proteins into cells. It is known that serum proteins can decrease NP endocytosis, and the decrease of the endocytosis observed here could be related to a decrease of the NPs' zeta potential [39,40]. This delivery induced the activation of these cells via the NF-kB pathway, through TLR2 and TLR4 signaling and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines [41].…”

Cellular entry of nanoparticles via serum sensitive clathrin-mediated endocytosis, and plasma membrane permeabilization

“…Therefore, serum appears to be able to reduce the ability of nanoparticles to bind to and enter cells, observations previously alluded to with the use of larger (eg, ∼64 nm) positively-charged nanoparticles. 10 Next, several potential mechanisms for nanoparticle internalization into cells were evaluated. In both serum-free and serum-containing studies, it was demonstrated that these nanoparticles can enter cells through dynamin-dependent/ clathrin-mediated endocytosis, and not caveolar endocytosis.…”

“…[5][6][7][8][9] Cells are conventionally cultured in the presence of 10% fetal calf serum; however, most assays for receptor-mediated endocytosis are performed in serum-free conditions. [13][14][15] Furthermore, it has been previously suggested that the formation of a protein corona around nanoparticles might reduce membrane adsorption, 10,16 and that interaction with the membrane may be important in permitting cellular entry. 12,17 Therefore, the potential for serum-dependent cellular interactions of a well-characterized type of nanoparticle (20 nm carboxylate-modified polystyrene beads), which are commercially available with a variety of fluorescent tags, was evaluated.…”

Anticancer Drug-Incorporated Layered Double Hydroxide Nanohybrids and Their Enhanced Anticancer Therapeutic Efficacy in Combination Cancer Treatment

“…Usually plasma membranes of mammalian cells are negatively charged due to the phospholipid bilayers and carbohydrates embedded in the membrane [47, 48]. Many reports highlighted that the positively charged nanomaterials interact more actively with cell membranes [49–53], eventually resulting in the enhanced cellular uptake. LDHs are usually known to have positive layer charge; however, the surface charge of LDH can be affected by both the surface coated molecules and the type or concentration of electrolytes or solutes in the suspending media [54].…”