Study of serum malondialdehyde and uric acid levels in patients with malaria

Prabhu, Shalaka; Patharkar, Sachin A.; Patil, Neelam J.; Sanap, Jalinder B; Shinde, Kalpana U; Dalvi, R; Nerurkar, Alka V.

doi:10.18231/j.ijcbr.2021.045

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 12 publications

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“…Despite the increasing report of concomitant cardiovascular deaths in malariaendemic regions, the relationship between malaria and cardiometabolic diseases is poorly investigated 13 . Nonetheless, the involvement of oxidative stress in malaria is well documented 14&15 , while we and others have recently reported hyperuricemia as well as dyslipidemia in both rodent and human subjects of malaria [15][16][17] . Oxidative stress, dyslipidemia, and hyperuricemia are all major factors for cardiometabolic diseases; thus, these previous studies have uncovered the importance of cardiovascular risk in malaria.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Letrozole Attenuates Cardiometabolic Risk in Plasmodium Berghei-Infected Mice

Abdulkareem,

Babamale,

Jesutomisin

et al. 2023

Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Assiut

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Malaria is associated with cardiometabolic disorders, promoting the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). We recently demonstrated letrozole's cardioprotective effects in fructose-exposed male rats. Hence, in this study, we investigated the effect of a low-dose letrozole against cardiometabolic risk in Plasmodium berghei-infected female mice. Twenty female mice were randomly grouped into four (n=5/group): uninfected, infected, letrozole (0.24 mg/kg, p.o/day, without infection), and infected + letrozole. Weekly percentage parasitaemia was recorded. At the end of the 21-day exposure, blood and liver were collected and processed for biochemical analyses. P. berghei infection decreased serum estradiol level after 21-day infection and increased serum and liver levels of malondialdehyde, very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, and triglycerides/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-c) index. Similarly, P. berghei elevated serum uric acid and hepatic total cholesterol levels. Meanwhile, the administered dose of letrozole did not significantly affect serum estradiol but lowered lipid peroxidation, attenuated lipid alterations, and reduced serum uric acid level. We reveal that P. berghei-infection lowered serum estradiol and promoted cardiometabolic risk in female mice, while letrozole lowered parasitaemia and mitigated the associated cardiometabolic risk. Thus, this study is suggestive of letrozole's potential as an adjuvant therapy for improved management of malaria-induced cardiometabolic complications. Further study is recommended to investigate the anti-malaria potency of letrozole, independent of gender.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Letrozole Attenuates Cardiometabolic Risk in Plasmodium Berghei-Infected Mice

Abdulkareem,

Babamale,

Jesutomisin

et al. 2023

Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Assiut

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Association of uric acid levels with severity of Plasmodium infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Kuraeiad,

Kotepui,

Masangkay

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Elevated uric acid (UA) levels have been reported in malaria patients and are particularly prominent in severe malaria cases. This study aims to synthesize the difference in UA levels between malaria patients and uninfected controls, and between patients with severe and non-severe malaria. A comprehensive literature search was carried out across databases such as Embase, MEDLINE, Ovid, PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, and Google Scholar to identify relevant studies for inclusion. The methodological quality of the included studies was evaluated independently by two reviewers using the JBI critical appraisal tool for observational studies. A meta-analysis was performed to calculate the pooled effect sizes, expressed as Hedges' g, with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The Hedges' g was pooled using the random-effects model. An initial search yielding a total of 1122 articles, and a final total of 19 studies being included in the review. Elevated UA levels were observed more prominently in malaria patients, especially those with severe manifestations, when compared to uninfected controls. The conducted meta-analysis demonstrated a significant elevation in UA levels in patients suffering from malaria as compared to uninfected controls (P < 0.01, Hedges’s g = 1.40, 95% CI 0.84–1.95, I2 = 95.81, 16 studies). The conducted meta-analysis demonstrated a significant elevation in UA levels in patients suffering from severe malaria as compared to non-severe malaria (P < 0.01, Hedges’s g = 3.45, 95% CI 1.06–5.83, I2 = 98.73, 6 studies). In summary, these findings provide valuable insights into the potential use of UA as a biomarker for malaria infection and determination of its severity. Further research is needed to validate these findings and to explore the underlying mechanisms that contribute to the elevation of UA levels during malaria infection.

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Oxidative Stress and Pathogenesis in Malaria

Vasquez

Zuniga

Rodrı́guez

2021

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Malaria is a highly inflammatory and oxidative disease. The production of reactive oxygen species by host phagocytes is an essential component of the host response to Plasmodium infection. Moreover, host oxidative enzymes, such as xanthine oxidase, are upregulated in malaria patients. Although increased production of reactive oxygen species contributes to the clearance of the parasite, excessive amounts of these free radicals can mediate inflammation and cause extensive damage to host cells and tissues, probably contributing to severe pathologies. Plasmodium has a variety of antioxidant enzymes that allow it to survive amidst this oxidative onslaught. However, parasitic degradation of hemoglobin within the infected red blood cell generates free heme, which is released at the end of the replication cycle, further aggravating the oxidative burden on the host and possibly contributing to the severity of life-threatening malarial complications. Additionally, the highly inflammatory response to malaria contributes to exacerbate the oxidative response. In this review, we discuss host and parasite-derived sources of oxidative stress that may promote severe disease in P. falciparum infection. Therapeutics that restore and maintain oxidative balance in malaria patients may be useful in preventing lethal complications of this disease.

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Study of serum malondialdehyde and uric acid levels in patients with malaria

Cited by 3 publications

References 12 publications

Letrozole Attenuates Cardiometabolic Risk in Plasmodium Berghei-Infected Mice

Letrozole Attenuates Cardiometabolic Risk in Plasmodium Berghei-Infected Mice

Association of uric acid levels with severity of Plasmodium infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Oxidative Stress and Pathogenesis in Malaria

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