Study of soil physical properties and water infiltration rates in different types of land use

Abstract

Studying the changes in soil properties caused by different land uses allows measures to be adopted that will reduce the risk of future negative effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate soil physical properties and quantify water infiltration for different types of land use in the Santa Catarina Plateau of southern Brazil. The research was conducted on a 1,200 ha rural property. The land use types selected were natural forest (NF), planted pine (PP), crop-livestock integration (CLI), and burned natural rangeland (BR). A sample survey was carried out in nine different areas for each land use. Samples were collected from four soil layers and the soil bulk density (Bd), total porosity (Tp), and macropore (Ma), micropore (Mi), and biopore (Bio) volumes were measured. Water infiltration tests were performed to obtain the initial (ii) and final (fi) water infiltration rates into the soil, and the total amount of water that had infiltrated the soil (Ti). In NF, Bd was lower and Tp was higher than in other types of land use. The forest vegetation (NF and PP) had higher Ma and Bio volumes in the superficial layers of the soil. Water infiltration was markedly different between land use types. The NF had the highest ii, fi, and Ti values followed by PP, whereas the CLI and BR areas had drastically lower infiltration parameters with BR having the lowest values. The variables ii, fi, and Ti correlated positively with Tp, Ma, and Bio, but negatively with Bd. ResumoO estudo das modificações nos atributos do solo provocadas pela forma de utilização das terras possibilita a adoção de medidas que reduzam riscos de futuros impactos. A pesquisa teve por objetivos quantificar atributos físicos do solo e a infiltração de água em diferentes modalidades de uso da terra no Planalto Sul Catarinense. O estudo foi conduzido em propriedade rural de 1.200 ha, onde foram selecionadas áreas sob floresta natural (FN), plantio de pinus (PP), integração lavoura-pecuária (ILP) e campo natural pastejado e submetido à queima (CN). Para isso, realizou-se levantamento amostral em nove glebas distintas para cada tipo de uso. Foram coletadas amostras de solo em quatro camadas para determinação da densidade do solo (Ds), porosidade total (Pt), macroporos (Ma), microporos (Mi) e bioporos (Bio).Testes de infiltração de água no solo foram realizados para obtenção das taxas de infiltração inicial (ii) e final (if) e da lâmina total infiltrada (It). Na FN a Ds é menor e a Pt maior do que nos demais tipos de uso da terra. A vegetação florestal (FN e PP) se destaca com maiores volumes de Ma e Bio nas camadas superficiais do solo. A infiltração de água apresenta diferenças acentuadas entre os tipos de uso. A FN tem maiores valores de ii, if e It, seguida pelo PP, enquanto CN e ILP tem redução drástica nos parâmetros de infiltração, com menores valores no CN. As variáveis ii, if e It correlacionam-se positivamente com Pt, Ma e Bio e negativamente com Ds. Palavras-chave: Qualidade do solo. Lavoura, pecuária e floresta. Permeabilidade do solo.

Heterogeneity in Event-Based Soil Hydrologic Response to Different Land Use Types in Upper River Njoro Catchment, Kenya

“…The high porosity could be due to the coarseness of the soil structure hence more pore spaces in the natural forest. This is in line with Santos et al [15] who observed lower bulk densities and higher porosity in the natural forest as compared to the other land use types.…”

“…Assessment of the impacts due to land use types on soil hydrologic response at regional scale is difficult due to detailed information on soil properties and land use types that is rarely available [1]. Studying the changes in soil properties caused by different land uses allows measures to be adopted that will reduce the risk of future negative effects [15]. Changes in infiltration capacity and soil water repellency are good parameters and indicators for soil hydrological functioning.…”

Soil Mechanical Resistance Penetration after Fifteen Years with Previous Crops and Tillage Systems and Productivity of Green Corn Cob in Northeast Brazil

“…Although the average pressure exerted on the surface layers is less than 2500 KPa, in some places these values reached 4500 KPa, resistance considered high, where in this situation it can present limitations to the development of the root system of the plants, and can be explained by the values of [25].…”

Surface Runoff in Two Rehabilitation Periods of a Bauxite Mine

“…The largest eigenvectors for infi ltration rate and capacity, macro and microporosity and soil density allow to infer that soil characteristics can be used to explain the equal runoff values (Santos et al, 2018). Except for macroporosity, these soil characteristics did not diff er in the interval of one year between the rehabilitation periods (2.5 and 3.5 years), demonstrating that they demand more time for modifi cation (Liu et al, 2017).…”