Study of soil–plant transfer of 226Ra under greenhouse conditions

Soudek, Petr; Benešová, Dagmar; Kotyza, Jan; Vágner, Martin; Vaňková, Radomı́ra; Vaněk, Tomáš

doi:10.1016/j.jenvrad.2008.08.003

Cited by 27 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Recent estimates, based upon 226 Ra uptake from UMT and potting soil mixtures by two species of genus Lupinus, suggests that the time required for phytoextraction is too long for practical purposes; recent investigations by Soudek et al (2010) showed that it would take about 130 years to get to the 0.2 Bq/g target clean-up level.…”

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confidence: 99%

Biogeochemical aspects of uranium mineralization, mining, milling, and remediation

Campbell¹,

Gallegos²,

Landa

2015

Applied Geochemistry

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aspects of uranium mineralization, mining, milling, and remediation" (2014 U is overwhelmingly the most abundant at greater than 99% of the total mass of U. Prior to the 1940s, U was predominantly used as a coloring agent, and U-bearing ores were mined mainly for their radium (Ra) and/or vanadium (V) content; the bulk of the U was discarded with the tailings (Finch et al., 1972). Once nuclear fission was discovered, the economic importance of U increased greatly. The mining and milling of U-bearing ores is the first step in the nuclear fuel cycle, and the contact of residual waste with natural water is a potential source of contamination of U and associated elements to the environment. Uranium is mined by three basic methods: surface (open pit), underground, and solution mining (in situ leaching or in situ recovery), depending on the deposit grade, size, location, geology and economic considerations (Abdelouas, 2006). Solid wastes at U mill tailings (UMT) sites can include both standard tailings (i.e., leached ore rock residues) and solids generated on site by waste treatment processes. The latter can include sludge or ''mud'' from neutralization of acidic mine/mill effluents, containing Fe and a range of coprecipitated constituents, or barium sulfate precipitates that selectively remove Ra (e.g., Carvalho et al., 2007). In this chapter, we review the hydrometallurgical processes by which U is extracted from ore, the biogeochemical processes that can affect the fate and transport of U and associated elements in the environment, and possible remediation strategies for site closure and aquifer restoration. This paper represents the fourth in a series of review papers from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) on geochemical aspects of UMT management that span more than three decades. The first paper (Landa, 1980) in this series is a primer on the nature of tailings and radionuclide mobilization from them. The second paper (Landa, 1999) includes coverage of research carried out under the U.S. Department of Energy's Uranium Mill Tailings Remedial Action Program (UMTRA). The third paper (Landa, 2004) reflects the increased focus of researchers on biotic effects in UMT environs. This paper expands the focus to U mining, milling, and remedial actions, and includes extensive coverage of the increasingly important alkaline in situ recovery and groundwater restoration.Ó 2014 Published by Elsevier Ltd.

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confidence: 99%

Biogeochemical aspects of uranium mineralization, mining, milling, and remediation

Campbell¹,

Gallegos²,

Landa

2015

Applied Geochemistry

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“…Their experiments employed soil with much higher specific activities of 226 Ra than in our present experiment. These specific activities were from 7.1 to 25.6 kBq/kg or 15.5 kBq/kg (Soudek et al 2004) and 4.5-13 kBq/ kg (Soudek et al 2010).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Soudek et al (2004) listed a number of Ra TF determined for various plant species growing in natural conditions or in greenhouses without special treatments. For sunflowers they mentioned TF 0.121 (Soudek et al 2004) and 0.018-0.037 (Soudek et al 2010), depending on specific activity of radium in the soil. Their experiments employed soil with much higher specific activities of 226 Ra than in our present experiment.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of citric acid on mobility of radium and metals accompanying uranium phytoextraction

Mihalík¹,

Tlustoš²,

Száková³

2011

PLANT SOIL ENVIRON

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We have investigated the plant uptake of radium, iron and other elements linked with phytoextraction of uranium induced by citric acid. Experiments were carried out on soil from the surroundings of a uranium mine. Enhancement of U bioavailability was successful. Now we focused our attention on the uptake of the most important elements accompanying uranium in phytoextraction. Radium was analyzed in leaves of willows and sunflowers. Mainly in willows, Ra was accumulated 3-4 times more than in the control group. Analyses of sunflower leaves showed an increasing tendency of Ra activity; however, not as significant as in the willow. During the experiment, we recorded irregular increases of metal contents in leaves week by week. Whereas U did not increase significantly, iron reached a value 9.3 times higher than in the control group. This is the evidence of more effective iron mobilization than of uranium when citric acid was added into the soil. Manganese also competes with uranium in plant uptake. Its content in leaves increases after citric acid treatment and is always higher than uranium uptake. The uptake of ubiquitous metal elements is one of the limiting factors for phytoextraction.

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“…On the other hand, the foliar uptake of terrestrial plants can become important in areas where single or chronic releases of radionuclides are likely to happen which result in much higher plant surface contamination than the uptake by roots from the contaminated soil [11]. Soil-to-plant transfer of 238 U and 226 Ra was reported for different plant species grown in soil contaminated with UMT [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transfer of uranium and radium to Chinese cabbage from soil containing elevated levels of natural radionuclides

Smodiš

Černe

Jačimović

et al. 2015

J Radioanal Nucl Chem

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The transfer of 238 U and 226 Ra to Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. subsp. pekinensis (Lour.) Hanelt) was investigated from soils contaminated with uranium-mill tailings (UMT) by means of a pot experiment in laboratory-based conditions applying different levels of soil contamination under various growing conditions. Activity concentrations for 226 Ra in Chinese cabbage varied from 56-276, 156-502 and 277-877 Bq kg -1 dry mass for 20, 40 and 60 % of UMT content in the soil, respectively, and for 238 U from 1.0-2.3 and 2.3-4.7 Bq kg -1 dry mass for 40 and 60 % of UMT content in the soil, respectively. The results showed increased accumulation of 226 Ra and low accumulation of 238 U in cabbage leaves in more contaminated soil.

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Study of soil–plant transfer of 226Ra under greenhouse conditions

Cited by 27 publications

References 19 publications

Biogeochemical aspects of uranium mineralization, mining, milling, and remediation

Biogeochemical aspects of uranium mineralization, mining, milling, and remediation

The influence of citric acid on mobility of radium and metals accompanying uranium phytoextraction

Transfer of uranium and radium to Chinese cabbage from soil containing elevated levels of natural radionuclides

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