Abstract:Nineteen organosulphur solvents have been studied by gas chromatography as potential solvents for the extraction of aromatics. The activity coefficients of nine typical hydrocarbon solutes have been determined in these solvents at three temperatures. From the activity coefficient data, the selectivities of all the solvents have been calculated for benzene with respect to each of the other hydrocarbons in order to screen them for extraction studies. Solvent losses in the g.c. column were also studied.
“…The selectivity at infinite dilution for sulfolane, which indicates suitability of sulfolane for separating mixtures of components 1 and 2 by extraction, can be calculated through 1 Activity coefficients at infinite dilution, , in sulfolane as a function of temperature T for benzene: ▴, this work; ▾, Rawat et al; ○, Mollmann and Gmehling; □, Letcher and Moollan; ▵, data of Karvo calculated from vapor−liquid equilibria . Activity coefficients for toluene: ▪, this work; ▿, Rawat et al; ⊕, Mollmann and Gmehling; * , data of Karvo calculated from vapor−liquid equilibria; ◇, data of Ashcroft et al calculated from vapor−liquid equilibria. 2 Activity coefficients at infinite dilution, , for ethylbenzene and xylenes in sulfolane as a function of temperature T : ▴, ethylbenzene this work; ▪, o -xylene this work; ◆, m -xylene this work; ▾, p -xylene this work; ▵, ethylbenzene; □, o -xylene; ◇, m -xylene; ▿, p -xylene from vapor−liquid equilibria using NRTL parameters of Yu et al; 10 ○, ethylbenzene from Mollmann and Gmehling 3 Activity coefficients at infinite dilution, , for linear alkanes in sulfolane as a function of temperature T : ▴, heptane; ▪, octane; ▾, nonane; ◆, decane; ▵, heptane from Rawat et al; ○, heptane from Mollmann and Gmehling; ◇, heptane from Letcher and Moollan …”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Activity coefficients for toluene: ▪, this work; ▿, Rawat et al; ⊕, Mollmann and Gmehling; * , data of Karvo calculated from vapor−liquid equilibria; ◇, data of Ashcroft et al calculated from vapor−liquid equilibria. 2 Activity coefficients at infinite dilution, , for ethylbenzene and xylenes in sulfolane as a function of temperature T : ▴, ethylbenzene this work; ▪, o -xylene this work; ◆, m -xylene this work; ▾, p -xylene this work; ▵, ethylbenzene; □, o -xylene; ◇, m -xylene; ▿, p -xylene from vapor−liquid equilibria using NRTL parameters of Yu et al; 10 ○, ethylbenzene from Mollmann and Gmehling 3 Activity coefficients at infinite dilution, , for linear alkanes in sulfolane as a function of temperature T : ▴, heptane; ▪, octane; ▾, nonane; ◆, decane; ▵, heptane from Rawat et al; ○, heptane from Mollmann and Gmehling; ◇, heptane from Letcher and Moollan …”
Activity coefficients at infinite dilution are reported for ten solutes (heptane, octane, nonane, decane, benzene,
toluene, ethylbenzene, o-xylene, m-xylene, and p-xylene) in sulfolane at temperatures T = (333.15 to 373.15) K.
These data were measured with the help of gas−liquid chromatography (GC) in which sulfolane was used as the
stationary phase. The results show good agreement with the activity coefficients at infinite dilution obtained from
various methods in the literature. The temperature dependence of the activity coefficients found in the GC
experiments could be confirmed using the excess enthalpy data. The present data can be used to determine and
compare the selective effect caused by the addition of sulfolane to a given binary mixture in the separation processes
such as extractive distillation and solvent extraction. The calculated selectivity suggests that both sulfolane and
ionic liquid [HMIM+][BF4
-] can act as a good solvent in separating aromatic and aliphatic compounds.
“…The selectivity at infinite dilution for sulfolane, which indicates suitability of sulfolane for separating mixtures of components 1 and 2 by extraction, can be calculated through 1 Activity coefficients at infinite dilution, , in sulfolane as a function of temperature T for benzene: ▴, this work; ▾, Rawat et al; ○, Mollmann and Gmehling; □, Letcher and Moollan; ▵, data of Karvo calculated from vapor−liquid equilibria . Activity coefficients for toluene: ▪, this work; ▿, Rawat et al; ⊕, Mollmann and Gmehling; * , data of Karvo calculated from vapor−liquid equilibria; ◇, data of Ashcroft et al calculated from vapor−liquid equilibria. 2 Activity coefficients at infinite dilution, , for ethylbenzene and xylenes in sulfolane as a function of temperature T : ▴, ethylbenzene this work; ▪, o -xylene this work; ◆, m -xylene this work; ▾, p -xylene this work; ▵, ethylbenzene; □, o -xylene; ◇, m -xylene; ▿, p -xylene from vapor−liquid equilibria using NRTL parameters of Yu et al; 10 ○, ethylbenzene from Mollmann and Gmehling 3 Activity coefficients at infinite dilution, , for linear alkanes in sulfolane as a function of temperature T : ▴, heptane; ▪, octane; ▾, nonane; ◆, decane; ▵, heptane from Rawat et al; ○, heptane from Mollmann and Gmehling; ◇, heptane from Letcher and Moollan …”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Activity coefficients for toluene: ▪, this work; ▿, Rawat et al; ⊕, Mollmann and Gmehling; * , data of Karvo calculated from vapor−liquid equilibria; ◇, data of Ashcroft et al calculated from vapor−liquid equilibria. 2 Activity coefficients at infinite dilution, , for ethylbenzene and xylenes in sulfolane as a function of temperature T : ▴, ethylbenzene this work; ▪, o -xylene this work; ◆, m -xylene this work; ▾, p -xylene this work; ▵, ethylbenzene; □, o -xylene; ◇, m -xylene; ▿, p -xylene from vapor−liquid equilibria using NRTL parameters of Yu et al; 10 ○, ethylbenzene from Mollmann and Gmehling 3 Activity coefficients at infinite dilution, , for linear alkanes in sulfolane as a function of temperature T : ▴, heptane; ▪, octane; ▾, nonane; ◆, decane; ▵, heptane from Rawat et al; ○, heptane from Mollmann and Gmehling; ◇, heptane from Letcher and Moollan …”
Activity coefficients at infinite dilution are reported for ten solutes (heptane, octane, nonane, decane, benzene,
toluene, ethylbenzene, o-xylene, m-xylene, and p-xylene) in sulfolane at temperatures T = (333.15 to 373.15) K.
These data were measured with the help of gas−liquid chromatography (GC) in which sulfolane was used as the
stationary phase. The results show good agreement with the activity coefficients at infinite dilution obtained from
various methods in the literature. The temperature dependence of the activity coefficients found in the GC
experiments could be confirmed using the excess enthalpy data. The present data can be used to determine and
compare the selective effect caused by the addition of sulfolane to a given binary mixture in the separation processes
such as extractive distillation and solvent extraction. The calculated selectivity suggests that both sulfolane and
ionic liquid [HMIM+][BF4
-] can act as a good solvent in separating aromatic and aliphatic compounds.
“…1 The most widely used process for separating aromatics from different paraffins is liquid extraction. In 1976, Rawat et al 2 studied 19 organosulfur solvents as potential solvents for the extraction of aromatics using gas chromatography. Solvents for the extraction should have high selectivity for aromatics, high capacity, high density, low viscosity, and partial miscibility with the hydrocarbon mixtures at reasonably low temperatures.…”
Liquid-liquid equilibrium for cyclohexane + ethylbenzene + sulfolane have been measured at the temperatures (303.15, 313.15, and 323.15) K and at atmospheric pressure. The reliability of the experimental data was tested using the Othmer-Tobias correlation. The liquid-liquid equilibrium (LLE) data were then analyzed using a UNIFAC model with group interaction parameters extracted from the LLE data bank (UNIF-LL) and a NRTL version with temperature-dependent binary parameters determined from the experimental LLE data (NRTL/2); both as programmed by the Aspen Plus simulator. On the basis of the analysis of these data, both models represented the experimental data with sufficient accuracy as revealed from the very small values of the root-mean-square error (RMSE) and the average absolute deviation (AAD) in composition.
“…The most widely used process for separating aromatics from different paraffins is liquid extraction. In 1976, Rawat et al . studied 19 organosulfur solvents as potential solvents for the extraction of aromatics using gas chromatography.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…1 The most widely used process for separating aromatics from different paraffins is liquid extraction. In 1976, Rawat et al 2 studied 19 organosulfur solvents as potential solvents for the extraction of aromatics using gas chromatography. Solvents for extraction should have high selectivity for aromatics, high capacity, high density, low viscosity, and partial miscibility with the hydrocarbon mixtures at reasonably low temperature.…”
Liquid−liquid equilibrium data for the system heptane + o-xylene + diethylene glycol have been
experimentally measured over the temperature range of 288.15 to 318.15 K. The equilibrium data of this
study are analyzed using the UNIQUAC, NRTL, UNIFAC, UNIFAC-LL, and UNIFAC-DMD models as
programmed by the Aspen Plus simulator. On the basis of the analyses of the experimental data of this
work, UNIFAC-LL showed the best predictive performance for the mole fraction of the target species
(o-xylene) in both upper (heptane-rich) and lower (DEG-rich) phases, whereas UNIFAC-DMD showed
poor predictive performance in comparison with the other models.
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