Study of stinging nettle (urtica dioica l.) Fibers reinforced green composite materials : a review

Suryawan, I Gede Putu Agus; Suardana, Npg; Winaya, I Nyoman Suprapta; Suyasa, I Wayan Budiarsa; Nindhia, Tjokorda Gde Tirta

doi:10.1088/1757-899x/201/1/012001

Cited by 22 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The authors showed a cellulose content of 85.93%, 6.8% hemicellulose, and 5.49% lignin. Agus Suryewan et al used various pretreatment methods for the stinging nettle and obtained (in the best case studied) 85% of cellulose, 6% of hemicellulose, and 3% of lignin using water retting and decortication 22 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bioethanol source might be considered significant because of its use as a potential, competitive with miscanthus in cellulose occurrence. Nettle can be used to produce high-quality agricultural raw materials for composites, medicine/pharmacy, textile, and energy sectors 20 – 22 . What is most important, stinging nettle stems always remains a waste, therefore the use of these parts of nettle for energy purposes doesn't involve the cultivation of stinging nettle intentionally for bioethanol production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ionic liquid pretreatment of stinging nettle stems and giant miscanthus for bioethanol production

Smuga‐Kogut

Szymanowska

Markiewicz

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Production of ethanol from lignocellulosic biomass is considered the most promising proposition for developing a sustainable and carbon–neutral energy system. The use of renewable raw materials and variability of lignocellulosic feedstock generating hexose and pentose sugars also brings advantages of the most abundant, sustainable and non-food competitive biomass. Great attention is now paid to agricultural wastes and overgrowing plants as an alternative to fast-growing energetic crops. The presented study explores the use of stinging nettle stems, which have not been treated as a source of bioethanol. Apart from being considered a weed, stinging nettle is used in pharmacy or cosmetics, yet its stems are always a non-edible waste. Therefore, the aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of pretreatment using imidazolium- and ammonium-based ionic liquids, enzymatic hydrolysis, fermentation of stinging nettle stems, and comparison of such a process with giant miscanthus. Raw and ionic liquid-pretreated feedstocks of stinging nettle and miscanthus were subjected to compositional analysis and scanning electron microscopy to determine the pretreatment effect. Next, the same conditions of enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation were applied to both crops to explore the stinging nettle stems potential in the area of bioethanol production. The study showed that the pretreatment of both stinging nettle and miscanthus with imidazolium acetates allowed for increased availability of the critical lignocellulosic fraction. The use of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate in the pretreatment of stinging nettle allowed to obtain very high ethanol concentrations of 7.3 g L−1, with 7.0 g L−1 achieved for miscanthus. Results similar for both plants were obtained for 1-ethyl-3-buthylimidazolium acetate. Moreover, in the case of ammonium ionic liquids, even though they have comparable potential to dissolve cellulose, it was impossible to depolymerize lignocellulose and extract lignin. Furthermore, they did not improve the efficiency of the hydrolysis process, which in turn led to low alcohol concentration. Overall, from the presented results, it can be assumed that the stinging nettle stems are a very promising bioenergy crop.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionic liquid pretreatment of stinging nettle stems and giant miscanthus for bioethanol production

Smuga‐Kogut

Szymanowska

Markiewicz

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…Among the most interesting secondary metabolites found in nettle, it is worth mentioning lignans [ 39 , 40 ], as well as phytosterols and pentacyclic triterpenes, such as β-amyrin and oleanolic acid [ 41 ]. Additionally, the cortex of nettle stems contains silky and strong bast fibers valued by the biocomposite sector because of their lightweight properties and low C footprint [ 42 ]. The aim of the work carried out here is to develop a protein purification protocol so as to define the partitioning of the proteins in different cell compartments and to analyze how SuSy can display different patterns of phosphorylation in relation to different cell compartments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Purification and Biochemical Characterization of Sucrose synthase from the Stem of Nettle (Urtica dioica L.)

Mareri

Guerriero

Hausman

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Sucrose synthase is a key enzyme in sucrose metabolism as it saves an important part of sucrose energy in the uridine-5′-diphosphate glucose (UDP-glucose) molecule. As such it is also involved in the synthesis of fundamental molecules such as callose and cellulose, the latter being present in all cell walls of plant cells and therefore also in the gelatinous cell walls of sclerenchyma cells such as bast fibers. Given the importance of these cells in plants of economic interest such as hemp, flax and nettle, in this work we have studied the occurrence of Sucrose synthase in nettle stems by analyzing its distribution between the cytosol, membranes and cell wall. We have therefore developed a purification protocol that can allow the analysis of various characteristics of the enzyme. In nettle, Sucrose synthase is encoded by different genes and each form of the enzyme could be subjected to different post-translational modifications. Therefore, by two-dimensional electrophoresis analysis, we have also traced the phosphorylation profile of Sucrose synthase isoforms in the various cell compartments. This information paves the way for further investigation of Sucrose synthase in plants such as nettle, which is both economically important, but also difficult to study.

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“…Nettles are used in traditional medicine and the food industry [ 38 ]. The analysis of the literature shows that attempts were made to create biocomposites reinforced with common nettle [ 39 , 40 , 41 ] as well as a modification to improve compatibility between hydrophilic natural fiber and hydrophobic polymer matrix in the form of chemical treatment with NaOH [ 42 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Common Nettle (Urtica dioica L.) as an Active Filler of Natural Rubber Biocomposites

2021

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Common nettle (Urtíca Dióica L.), as a natural fibrous filler, may be part of the global trend of producing biocomposites with the addition of substances of plant origin. The aim of the work was to investigate and explain the effectiveness of common nettle as a source of active functional compounds for the modification of elastomer composites based on natural rubber. The conducted studies constitute a scientific novelty in the field of polymer technology, as there is no research on the physico-chemical characteristics of nettle bio-components and vulcanizates filled with them. Separation and mechanical modification of seeds, leaves, branches and roots of dried nettle were carried out. Characterization of the ground plant particles was performed using goniometric measurements (contact angle), Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), themogravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The obtained natural rubber composites with different bio-filler content were also tested in terms of rheological, static and dynamic mechanical properties, cross-linking density, color change and resistance to simulated aging processes. Composites with the addition of a filler obtained from nettle roots and stems showed the highest mechanical strength. For the sample containing leaves and branches, an increase in resistance to simulated ultraviolet and thermo-oxidative aging processes was observed. This phenomenon can be attributed to the activity of ingredients with high antioxidant potential contained in the plant.

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Study of stinging nettle (urtica dioica l.) Fibers reinforced green composite materials : a review

Cited by 22 publications

References 22 publications

Ionic liquid pretreatment of stinging nettle stems and giant miscanthus for bioethanol production

Ionic liquid pretreatment of stinging nettle stems and giant miscanthus for bioethanol production

Purification and Biochemical Characterization of Sucrose synthase from the Stem of Nettle (Urtica dioica L.)

Common Nettle (Urtica dioica L.) as an Active Filler of Natural Rubber Biocomposites

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