Study of Systolic Blood Pressure, Heart Rate, Body Temperature of Normal Newborn Infants through the First Week of Life

Contis, George; Lind, John

doi:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1963.tb05516.x

Cited by 29 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Similar increases in blood pressure have been observed between days 2 and 7 by Contis & Lind (1963).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…Previous estimates of blood pressure in neonates have either been made from intra-arterial readings , 1963) or from indirect techniques such as oscillometry (Gupta & Scopes, 1965;Contis & Lind, 1963 ;Nelson, 1968), conventional sphygmomanometry (Long, Dunlop & Holland, 1971), palpation (Holland & Young, 1956;Woodbury et al, 1938), impedance plethysmography (Schaffer, 1955) or the flush technique (Moss, Liebling & Adams, 1958). We found that the mean systolic blood pressure during the first 6 days of life was 95 mmHg, 10-15 mmHg higher than has previously been reported in the majority of the above-mentioned studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Systolic Blood Pressure Variation during the First 6 Days of Life

Swiet¹,

Fancourt²,

Peto³

1975

Clinical Science

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S -Y1. Systolic blood pressure was measured by a Doppler ultrasound technique in twenty normal babies on 6 successive days after the day of delivery.In three babies blood pressure was recorded every 15 min for 24 h. 2. Systolic blood pressure during the first 6 days of life was 95 (SEM = 2) mmHg.3. Systolic blood pressure increased on average by 2 mmHg/day, but increased most between the second and third days of life.4. Systolic blood pressure was 11 mmHg higher when awake than when the babies were asleep.5. There was marked within-baby variation in the systolic blood pressure of neonates, which could not be accounted for by age or recognizable changes in level of consciousness.

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“…Similar increases in blood pressure have been observed between days 2 and 7 by Contis & Lind (1963).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systolic Blood Pressure Variation during the First 6 Days of Life

Swiet¹,

Fancourt²,

Peto³

1975

Clinical Science

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“…AoP was lower in the younger piglets breathing 0.25 % halothane than in the older ones breath ing 0.5 % halothane. A similar difference has been reported in a series of unanesthetized piglets (12), a series under local anesthesia (11), and in human neonates (5,18). Lower control AoP have been observed at higher concentra tions of inspired halothane in piglets (4), sug gesting that the age-dependent differences might have been even greater if a higher con centration of halothane had not been needed to secure adequate anesthesia in the older animals.…”

Section: Basal Levels O F Cardiovascular Functionmentioning

confidence: 47%

Age-Dependent Cardiovascular Effects of Afferent Stimulation in Neonatal Pigs

Buckley¹,

Gootman²,

Gootman³

et al. 1976

Neonatology

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Postnatal development of heart rate (HR), mean aortic pressure and arterial flow responses to carotid baroreceptor stimulation (CS) or inhibition (BCCO), and to sciatic nerve stimulation (SNS), was studied in 60 newborn piglets under halothane-N₂O anesthesia. There was no HR change in most piglets during CS or BCCO, but tachycardia was observed during high frequency or intensity SNS and after bilateral vagotomy. In younger animals, smaller pressor effects were observed during high frequency or intensity SNS than in older ones. There were also age-dependent changes in femoral and renal flows and resistances to CS, BCCO, SNS or bilateral vagotomy. The results indicate postnatal maturation of regulatory mechanisms for HR and peripheral flow.

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“…While the majority of epidemiologic studies (1, 2) have found inverse relationships between birth weight and arterial pressure in adults and children, some studies of infants have found positive relationships as in our study. Studies of human neonates have found that arterial pressure is positively correlated with birth weight up to 8 d after birth (21)(22)(23). It is possible that there is a "crossing-over" from relative hypotension to relative hypertension in individuals affected by IUGR some time after the early postnatal period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Placental Insufficiency and Fetal Growth Restriction Lead to Postnatal Hypotension and Altered Postnatal Growth in Sheep

et al. 2000

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Low birth weight has been associated with elevated arterial pressure in later life but mechanisms are unknown. Our aim was to determine the effects of low birth weight resulting from intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) on fetal and postnatal arterial pressures and the potential roles of circulating cortisol and renin. We induced IUGR by umbilico-placental embolization (UPE) in fetal sheep from 120 d of gestation until birth (approximately 147 d); postnatal lambs (8 IUGR, 8 controls) were studied for 8 wk. Fetal and postnatal arterial pressures were measured and blood samples taken for measurement of gas tensions, cortisol concentrations and renin activity. In IUGR fetuses, mean arterial pressure (MAP) initially increased with UPE, but near term was not different to values in controls. IUGR lambs weighed 33% less than controls at birth and remained lighter than controls during the 8 postnatal weeks; their growth pattern was different to that of controls. IUGR lambs had lower MAP than controls, and this relative hypotension (Ϫ4 mm Hg) persisted throughout the 8 postnatal weeks. Covariate analysis showed that the relative hypotension of IUGR lambs could have resulted from their smaller size. Plasma cortisol concentrations were not different between IUGR and control animals before or after birth. Plasma renin activity was not different in postnatal IUGR lambs compared with controls. Thus, postnatal cortisol and renin levels were not consistent with the development of hypotension or hypertension. We conclude that late gestational IUGR in sheep leads to relative hypotension in the early postnatal period, probably a result of reduced body size. There is increasing evidence that low birth weight resulting from intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is associated with an increased risk of later illness. Associations have been demonstrated between low birth weight and an increased risk of adult-onset diseases such as hypertension, coronary heart disease and type II diabetes (1, 2). In adults, an inverse relationship has been found between arterial pressure and birth weight (3, 4) and this relationship has been found to be independent of current body size and lifestyle factors (1). Studies in children have also revealed inverse relationships between birth weight and arterial pressure (5). The relationship in adolescents is less clear with some studies finding inverse relationships between birth weight and arterial pressure (6) and others finding positive relationships (7). Based on epidemiologic findings, it has been proposed that hypertension is initiated in utero and is amplified with age (8).Several studies of fetal growth restriction in animals have also shown relationships between a sub-optimal intrauterine environment and arterial pressure. Mid-gestational uterine artery ligation in guinea pigs has been shown to produce growth restricted offspring with an elevated mean arterial pressure (9). In the rat, a low protein diet during pregnancy also leads to growth restricted offspring with an elevated systolic pressure...

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Study of Systolic Blood Pressure, Heart Rate, Body Temperature of Normal Newborn Infants through the First Week of Life

Cited by 29 publications

References 9 publications

Systolic Blood Pressure Variation during the First 6 Days of Life

Systolic Blood Pressure Variation during the First 6 Days of Life

Age-Dependent Cardiovascular Effects of Afferent Stimulation in Neonatal Pigs

Placental Insufficiency and Fetal Growth Restriction Lead to Postnatal Hypotension and Altered Postnatal Growth in Sheep

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