Study of Technology for Preparing Titanium Carbide and Calcium Metal from Perovskite Concentrate by a Carbothermal Method

Budin, O. N.; Kropachev, A. N.; Сherepov, V. V.

doi:10.1007/s11015-020-01013-9

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 4 publications

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“…The difference between these equations, which model a solid-phase process, is based only on different geometric assumptions: Jander considers diffusion leading to the formation of a reaction product at a flat interface; Ginstling and Brownstein solve the problem of diffusion in a spherical grain. According to the Gistling-Brownstein equation, most often used in studies of the kinetics of reduction of various materials [ [18], [19], [20]], the mathematical model of the dependence of the degree of transformation of manganese ore on time is expressed as a straight line equation:…”

Section: Research Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the isothermal kinetics of reduction of sinter from mill scale

Zhunussov,

Bykov,

Kenzhebekova

et al. 2023

KIMS/CUMR/MShKP

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Studies of the isothermal kinetics of the reduction of sinter from mill scale were carried out at Zh. Abisheva Chemical and Metallurgical Institute (Karaganda). The influence of temperature and heating time on the degree of reduction of iron and other elements was studied in the Tamman furnace by the thermogravimetric method. The amount of reducing agent was taken in the experiments based on the stoichiometrically necessary amount of carbon for the complete reduction of iron oxides by more than 60%, as well as for the carburization of the resulting metal to 2.0% C. To obtain the kinetic characteristics of the reduction of the studied materials, depending on the temperature and duration of the process, processing of the received data array according to the models developed especially for these cases. The results of experimental data processing according to the Gistling-Brownstein model are presented. As a general assessment, this model with a sufficiently high correlation (R not less than 0.9) describes the studied process, which confirms its diffusion character. Analyzing the calculated data of the activation energy, one can assume the diffusion nature of the inhibition of the reduction reaction of all the materials under study. The value of the activation energy of the process shows that the agglomerate with dolomite (fluxed agglomerate) has the highest reducibility. During the frontal reduction of oxides of iron and other elements with carbon, a slag shell is formed around the grains of materials, which consists mainly of acidic oxides of barren rock, non-metallic inclusions of lightweight scrap and reducing agent ash and has a high viscosity. Its thickness depends on the composition of the material, temperature, time and degree of reduction.

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Section: Research Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the isothermal kinetics of reduction of sinter from mill scale

Zhunussov,

Bykov,

Kenzhebekova

et al. 2023

KIMS/CUMR/MShKP

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Joint processing of perovskite and ilmenite concentrates. Part 1. Chemical-mineralogical (material) characteristics of perovskite and ilmenite concentrates

Fedorov,

Udoeva,

Vusikhis

et al. 2024

Izv. vysš. učebn. zaved., Čern. metall.

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Russia has an impressive titanium mineral resource while the contribution into the global production of titanium concentrates is quite insignificant. The current annual demand of Russian enterprises for titanium raw materials is 40 times higher than its production. To improve and launch the processing of domestic titanium raw materials characterized by low quality and complex polymineral composition, new process solutions are required. These solutions should aim at the full extraction of TiO2 and related valuable components from the ore deposits whose development is planned or already started (for example, Afrikanda – perovskite-titanomagnetite deposit located on the Kola Peninsula). This report presents the results of studying the chemical and mineral compositions of perovskite and ilmenite concentrates with the purpose to assess the possibility of their joint processing using carbothermic reduction melting. Emission spectrometry, X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, and X-ray spectral microanalysis were applied in these studies. It was found that the basis of the ilmenite gravity concentrate sample is modified ilmenite represented by leucoxenization products – pseudorutile and rutile, with their total content in the concentrate to be about 80 wt. %. Composition of other minerals (alumochromite, chromite, magnetite) includes titanium in the form of impurities – 2 – 3 wt. %. In the perovskite flotation concentrate sample titanium is contained in perovskite and titanite making up the bulk of the ore minerals of the concentrate. As for rare and rare-earth elements contained in the ilmenite sample – monazite having up to 33 wt. % Ce, and zircon were found. Perovskite sample contains rare-earth elements (REE concentration in wt. %) in loparite-(Ce) (22.8), aluminocerite-(Ce) (46.2), anсylite-(Ce) (51.3), torite (22.3), as well as in the main mineral – perovskite (2.8). With the exception of perovskite and loparite-(Ce), other REE-containing minerals are rare, and their share in total does not exceed 1 wt. %

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Study of Technology for Preparing Titanium Carbide and Calcium Metal from Perovskite Concentrate by a Carbothermal Method

Cited by 2 publications

References 4 publications

Study of the isothermal kinetics of reduction of sinter from mill scale

Study of the isothermal kinetics of reduction of sinter from mill scale

Joint processing of perovskite and ilmenite concentrates. Part 1. Chemical-mineralogical (material) characteristics of perovskite and ilmenite concentrates

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