Study of the changes in life cycle parameters of <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> exposed to fluorinated insecticide, cryolite

Podder, Sayanti; Roy, Sumedha

doi:10.1177/0748233713493823

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Similarly, Wene and Hansberry ( 1944 ) noted that many been beetle larvae did not ingest lethal amount of cryolite from food at a 24-hour period and the survivors manifested significant retardation in growth and development. The results of the present study equally depict growth retardation in larvae treated at concentrations which have successfully expressed developmental delay in one of our previous works (Podder & Roy, 2013 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…As observed, beyond a certain threshold concentration (200 µg/ml), the D. melanogaster body fails the tussle and surrenders. This concentration of chronic treatment reveals the longest larval duration when compared to other treatment categories (Podder & Roy, 2013 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…Similarly the adult emergence in each treatment category was recorded indicating pupal death (failure in emergence). Emergence of flies was recorded till the 25 th day (since maximum flies emerge within 20–25 days in laboratory conditions, Podder & Ray 2013 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exposure-dependent variation in cryolite induced lethality in the nontarget insect, Drosophila melanogaster

Podder

Roy

2014

Interdisciplinary Toxicology

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The starting point of toxicity testing of any chemical in an organism is the determination of its Lethal Concentration 50 (LC50). In the present study, LC50 of a fluorinated insecticide cryolite is determined in a non-target insect model, Drosophila melanogaster. Interestingly, the result shows that acute LC50 of cryolite was much greater in comparison to the chronic one in case of Drosophila larvae. Larvae which were exposed to 65,000 to 70,000 µg/ml cryolite through food showed 50% mortality after 18 hours of acute exposure, whereas only 150 to 160 µg/ml cryolite was sufficient to cause 50% mortality in case of chronic exposure. Thus cryolite in a small amount when applied once cannot produce noticeable changes in Drosophila, whereas the same amount when used continuously can be fatal. The non-feeding pupal stage was also seen to be affected by chemical treatment. This suggests that the test chemical affects the developmental fate and results in failure of adult emergence. Absence of chemical-induced mortality in adults assumes that the toxicity of cryolite might be restricted to the preimaginal stages of the organism. Reduction in body size of larvae after ingestion of cryolite (with food) in acute treatment schedule is another interesting finding of this study. Some individuals consuming cryolite containing food cannot survive whereas the few survivors manifest a significant growth retardation which might be due to a tendency of refusal in feeding. Hence the present findings provide a scope of assessment of risk of other similar non-target groups.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

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Exposure-dependent variation in cryolite induced lethality in the nontarget insect, Drosophila melanogaster

Podder

Roy

2014

Interdisciplinary Toxicology

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“…Similarly, the emergence of the flies was also significantly delayed in a dose-dependent manner compared to the control flies. Similar results have been obtained by the treatments of cryolite and fluorinated insecticide (Podder & Roy, 2015. Gupta, Siddique, Saxena, & Chowdhuri, 2005.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…A significant dosedependent increase in the duration of pupation was observed at 20, 40 and 80 μM of arecoline and lower doses fail to express any dose-dependent increase in the duration of pupation. This delay in the pupation of larvae at higher doses may be due to the activation of some drug metabolising enzymes (Pai, 1983;Podder & Roy, 2015). Similarly, the emergence of the flies was also significantly delayed in a dose-dependent manner compared to the control flies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Exploring the neurotoxicity and changes in life cycle parameters of Drosophila melanogaster exposed to arecoline

Shakya

Siddique

2018

JoBAZ

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Background: Arecoline (an alkaloid) has been reported as a potent cytotoxic as well as genotoxic agent but its neurotoxic effects are limited. Material and methods: In the present study, we evaluated the neurotoxic effects and changes in life cycle parameters of Drosophila melanogaster on exposing the flies to 5, 10, 20, 40 and 80 μM of arecoline for 5 days. After the exposure, the flies were assayed for climbing ability, activity pattern, oxidative stress markers, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), monoamine oxidase activity (MAO), caspase-3 and caspase-9 activities and apoptosis in the neuronal cells. For studying the effects on life cycle parameters, duration of pupation, emergence and life span were also studied. Results: The exposure of flies to 5 and 10 μM of arecoline did not show toxic effects, but the flies exposed to 20, 40 and 80 μM showed a significant dose-dependent loss of climbing ability, activity pattern, MAO, glutathione (GSH) content and acetylcholinesterase activity and increase in the glutathione-S-transferase (GST), MAO activity, lipid peroxidation assay (LPO), protein carbonyl content (PCC), caspase-3 and caspase-9 activities and apoptosis in the neuronal cells. The exposure of flies to arecoline not only results in the delay of pupation but also delayed the emergence of flies. A significant reduction was also observed in the life span of flies exposed to 20, 40 and 80 μM of arecoline. The eyes of flies emerged from the larvae exposed to various doses of arecoline were also analysed for the phenotypic abnormality. Clear dose-dependent deformities were observed in the eyes of the flies emerged from the exposure of larvae exposed to 20, 40 and 80 μM of arecoline. Conclusion: Arecoline not only is a neurotoxic agent but also affects the life cycle parameters of the fly.

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Establishing a system with Drosophila melanogaster (Diptera: Drosophilidae) to assess the non-target effects of gut-active insecticidal compounds

2016

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Potentially adverse effects on ecosystem functioning by the planting of insect-resistant, genetically engineered plants or by the direct application of insecticidal compounds are carefully evaluated in pre-market risk assessments. To date, few studies have assessed the potential risks of genetically engineered crops or insecticidal compounds on the survival and fitness of dipteran species, despite their important contribution to ecosystem services such as decomposition in agricultural systems. Therefore, we propose that Drosophila melanogaster Meigen (Drosophilidae) be used as a surrogate species for the order Diptera and for the functional guild of soil arthropod decomposers in pre-market risk assessments. We developed two assays to assess the toxicity of gut-active insecticidal compounds to D. melanogaster. One assay uses groups of fly larvae, and the other uses individuals. Cryolite, a mineral pesticide, proved to be an adequate positive control. The effects of cryolite on D. melanogaster larvae were comparable between the two assays. Statistical power analyses were used to define the number of replications required to identify different effect sizes between control and treatment groups. Finally, avidin, E-64, GNA, and SBTI were used as test compounds to validate the individual-based assay; only avidin adversely affected D. melanogaster. These results indicate that both D. melanogaster assays will be useful for early tier risk assessment concerning the effects of orally active compounds on non-target dipterans.

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Study of the changes in life cycle parameters of Drosophila melanogaster exposed to fluorinated insecticide, cryolite

Cited by 17 publications

References 19 publications

Exposure-dependent variation in cryolite induced lethality in the nontarget insect, Drosophila melanogaster

Exposure-dependent variation in cryolite induced lethality in the nontarget insect, Drosophila melanogaster

Exploring the neurotoxicity and changes in life cycle parameters of Drosophila melanogaster exposed to arecoline

Establishing a system with Drosophila melanogaster (Diptera: Drosophilidae) to assess the non-target effects of gut-active insecticidal compounds

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