Study of the Distribution of Amlodipine in Organs of Poisoned Animals

Abstract

Amlodipine besylate belongs to a group of blockers of calcium channels, derivatives of 1,4-dihydropyridine, is used to treatment of arterial hypertension and vasospastic forms of angina pectoris. According to the literature sources, amlodipine in case of overdose can provoke the development of breast cancer, cause ischemia of the optic nerve. Deadly poisoning with amlodipine may accompany drug overdoses or suicidal cases. The development of highly sensitive and selective methods for the study of amlodipine during forensic toxicological examination of biological material is an actual task. One of the important stages of forensic toxicological examination is the choice of organs of corpses for investigation of them for the presence of poisons, which requires the analysis of amlodipine in the organs of poisoned animals. The aim of the investigation is the study of the distribution of amlodipine in organs of poisoned animals, using developed highly sensitive and selective techniques for the analysis of amlodipine in biological objects. Materials and methods. To study the distribution of amlodipine in organs of poisoned animals, rats weighing 200-250 g were used. Amlodipine besylate solution was administered to rats using a probe in the stomach from the calculation of 70,0 mg / kg, after 3 hours rats were decapitated. For the study blood, urine, heart, liver, kidneys, lungs, stomach and intestine with contents and spleen were taken. Control experiments were delivered with the appropriate organs in parallel. Extraction of the substance was carried out with a mixture of methanol and acetonitrile (2: 3), purification was carried out by extraction of impurities with diethyl ether at pH 2,0-3,0 and TLC-method. Amlodipine was identified in biogenic extracts by the TLC-method in three systems of mobile solvents. The substance content was determined by spectrophotometry methods in the UV region of the spectrum. Results and discussion. It is established that the highest amount of amlodipine was found in the stomach and intestine with the content, which is typical for acute poisoning. Less amount of amlodipine is found in the liver, kidneys and urine - organs and liquids that provide active detoxification of the body. According to the results of the research, it was found that in case of lethal poisoning, amlodipine for forensic toxicological studies should be carried out in urine, stomach with contents, intestine with contents, liver, spleen and kidneys. Conclusions. The distribution of amlodipine in organs of poisoned animals with oral administration was studied. It is established that in case of lethal poisoning with amlodipine, for forensic-toxicological research it is necessary to be conducted in urine, stomach with contents, intestine with contents, spleen and kidneys. The developed methods can be proposed for introduction into the practice of the Bureau of Forensic Medical Examination, toxicological centers