Study of the Electrical and Dielectric behaviour of selenium doped CCTO ceramics prepared by a facile sol-gel route

Synthesis of CaCu3Ti4O12 utilizing eggshell waste as a calcium source: Structure, morphology, and dielectric properties

“…75-2188 [41]. These results confirm that CCTO formation can effectively occur in the temperature range from 850℃ to 1120℃ as in previous studies [18,42]. Meanwhile, there is no significant contrast between diffraction patterns of CCTO-A and CCTO-B samples, except the diffraction peaks of CCTO-B (annealed at 1050℃) are higher than CCTO-A (annealed at 950℃) peaks.…”

“…On the other hand, the electrical properties of dielectric ceramics can be improved when these ceramics have a homogeneous microstructure and a pure crystal phase. The sol-gel method is also commonly used to synthesize CCTO, but this method uses more reagents and complex routes than other methods [6,7,[17][18][19][20]. In addition, other synthesis methods have also been developed to synthesize CCTO, including liquid-phase annealing [21], co-precipitation [22], microwave-assisted process [23], and hydrothermal route [24].…”

“…Nowadays, CCTO is mostly synthesized utilizing commercial metal salts [18,26,27], metal oxides [28][29][30], and metalorganics [31][32][33] as starting materials. An alternative source of calcium to synthesize CCTO can utilize natural materials containing high calcium, such as eggshells.…”

Dielectric Properties of Colossal-Dielectric-Constant Na1/2La1/2Cu3Ti4O12 Ceramics Prepared by Spark Plasma Sintering

“…Intensive studies on CP materials during the last two decades have given rise to several material families with CP properties. The titanate families such as CaCu 3 Ti 4 O 12 (CCTO) [ 2 , 3 , 4 ], doped TiO 2 , and their derived ceramics [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ] are still attracting the attention of researchers. Generally, the structural, electrical, and dielectric properties of CP materials are found to be sensitive to the powder synthesis, calcination, and sintering methods and conditions.…”

“…Nevertheless, the SSR method has the drawbacks of being a long, high-temperature process with less control on the resulting grain size of the ceramic. Recently, promising results have been reported after successful combinations of innovated powder synthesis processes, e.g., sol–gel [ 6 ]; autocombustion [ 14 ]; and alternating sintering methods, i.e., microwave [ 15 ] and spark plasma sintering (SPS) [ 3 , 8 , 16 , 17 ]. Compared to the standard SSR process, other methods aim to simplify the fabrication process and to reduce the maximum temperature and the time of the process without scarifying the dielectric properties of the ceramic.…”