Copper dispersed on two-dimensional materials exhibits
excellent
catalytic performance for the electrochemical reduction reaction of
CO2 (CO2RR). Here, Cu clusters were anchored
on defective diamond graphene (Cu
n
/ND@GR, n = 3, 4) to form a new class of two-dimensional nano-catalysts.
Based on density functional theory, the catalytic performance and
selective mechanisms of these configurations were studied systematically.
By anchoring the appropriate number and configuration of Cu clusters
on the defective graphene, specific reduction products (e.g., CO,
CH4, and CH3OH) could be obtained. In particular,
the inverted triangle configuration of Cu3/ND@GR electroreduces
CO2 to methane with an overpotential of only −0.53
eV. In addition, bonding analysis confirmed the stability of the Cu
n
/ND@GR. The product selectivity was analyzed
by calculating the deformation charge density, further revealing the
CO2RR mechanism. Furthermore, side reactions (e.g., hydrogen
evolution reaction and competitive production of formic acid) do not
hinder the CO2RR catalytic activity. This research expands
the family of catalysts for the CO2RR and the application
scenarios of transition metals loaded on graphene, which provides
new insights into the design and preparation of composite nano-catalysts.