Study of the Optical and Physical Roles of a Dielectric Laser Dye Solvent Which Affects on the Dye Laser Operation

Abstract

Abstract:It is well known that when the pump laser beam incidence on the laser dye liquid it will be absorbed. This absorption tends to heat the laser active medium, which is the laser dye solution. In view of this the correlated property of that active medium well change tends to shift the operated frequency and wavelength. Therefore, one of most interested dielectric, nonpolar, laser dye solvent was selected for this investigation, which is Benzene. A laser interferometer known as Mach Zhender Interferometer (MZI) is constructed and used to measure the refractive index of the investigated solvent by counting the interfering fringes as a function of the angle of incidence of the incident laser beam. The temperature of that solvent is raised within the range 293-373 K by using a constructed heating system. The thermal behavior of the refractive index of Benzene is studied to estimate the thermo-optical coefficient of the refractive index, which is important to know the state convergence or divergence of the pump laser beam within the laser dye medium. Also, the dielectric constant of the dye solution is an important parameter for the laser operation. Therefore the dielectric constant and its thermal behavior of Benzene are calculated through the Maxwell's relation to determine the thermal coefficient of the dielectric constant. The value of the number density which is equal the specific polarizability of the investigated solvent is estimated by using the obtained values of the refractive index and its variation with the temperature is studied too. Because the dependence of the mean polarizability of the dielectric constant through the Clausius-Mossotti relation the values of both mean polarizability and its thermal behavior are studied. In addition, since the molecular polarizability depends on the mean polarizability the value of it is determined. By using the values of mean polarizability the molecule radius is determined and using the Clausius-Mossotti relation the actual volume occupied by all molecules per unit volume are estimated. The volume expansion, through Murphy and Albert equation is calculated.

Photo-Physical Characteristics of Janus Green B in Different Solvents and its Interaction Mechanism with Silver Nanoparticles

“…This equation offers a comprehensive approach for predicting the rate of the considered process, incorporating essential factors like fluorescence intensity, refractive index, and the molar extinction coefficient at specific wavenumbers. The distance at which the original light intensity I 0 reduced to (I = I 0 /e) known as the attenuation length (Λ) was also calculated using the equation [42]: (10) For each molar concentration c, and molar extinction coefficient ε(λ).…”

“…Solvent polarity parameters are widely discussed in literature. These include the Lippert parameter, which is related to the solvent's refractive index and both the Dimroth Reichardt ET (30) parameter and the dielectric constant, which evaluates solvent polarizability utilizing the Kamlet-Abboud-Taft (π* scale) and solvatochromic dye spectroscopic data [9][10][11][12].…”