Study of the solidification of M2 high speed steel Laser Cladding coatings

Processability of High-Speed Steel by Coaxial Laser Wire Deposition Technology for Additive Remanufacturing of Cutting Tool

“…Their applications apart from cutting tools are forging and punching dies, injection molds, automotive components and space vehicles [2]. HSSs are characterized by high wear resistance and good mechanical properties due to the occurrence of a specific microstructure, i.e., a matrix of martensite and residual austenite with a grid of eutectic carbides uniformly distributed in interdendritic regions [3]. The presence of vanadium carbides, for example, is crucial from the point of view of the proper grindability of the produced tools [4].…”

“…In [21], a preheating temperature of 150 • C was used in the process of HSS coating deposition, which allowed holding the material at an equilibrium temperature close to the martensite start temperature and resulted in the absence of cracking. Another example of heat treatment after the LMD process of M2 steel on the substrate of AISI 1045 steel was the additional 2 h of tempering at 550 • C [3]. It is also worth mentioning that during the multilayer deposition of HSS coatings, the phenomenon of tempering of previous clads was observed, but the addition of cobalt in the steel may result in a lesser tempering effect [21].…”