Study of the Viral and Microbial Communities Associated With Crohn's Disease: A Metagenomic Approach

Pérez‐Brocal, Vicente; García-López, Rodrigo; Vázquez-Castellanos, Jorge F.; Nos, Pilar; Beltrán, Belén; Latorre, Amparo; Moya, Andrés

doi:10.1038/ctg.2013.9

Cited by 111 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…The possibility of using phages as viral biomarkers has potential. One study found among the viral biomarkers identified, 5 % were more represented in CD patients than in healthy controls [115]. A recent publication confirms increased richness and biodiversity of phage populations in IBD patients compared with controls [116].…”

Section: The Gut Virome and Ibdmentioning

confidence: 95%

The microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease

2015

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This review explores our current understanding of the complex interaction between environmental risk factors, genetic traits and the development of inflammatory bowel disease. The primacy of environmental risk factors is illustrated by the rapid increase in the incidence of the disease worldwide. We discuss how the gut microbiota is the proximate environmental risk factor for subsequent development of inflammatory bowel disease. The evolving fields of virome and mycobiome studies will further our understanding of the full potential of the gut microbiota in disease pathogenesis. Manipulating the gut microbiota is a promising therapeutic avenue.

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Section: The Gut Virome and Ibdmentioning

confidence: 95%

The microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease

2015

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“…Similar to fungi, only a few studies have been published examining the populations of viruses in patients with IBD. CD patients may harbor increased numbers of bacteriophages in inflamed tissue and feces, though no specific viruses have been associated with human IBDs to date [9,10]. …”

Section: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Are Associated With Altered Gut mentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic Manipulation of the Microbiome in IBD: Current Results and Future Approaches

Hansen

Sartor

2015

Curr Treat Options Gastro

105

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Opinion Statement Despite recent major strides in our understanding of the genetic and microbial influences that contribute to the development of the inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), their etiology continues to be enigmatic. Results from experiments in animal models of IBDs overwhelmingly support a causal role of the microbiota in these diseases, though whether such a cause-effect relationship exists in human IBDs is still uncertain. Therefore, virtually all currently-approved, and most often prescribed, treatments for IBDs are directed toward the over-active immune response in these diseases rather than the intestinal bacteria. Nevertheless, there is an important need for non-immunosuppressive therapies that may present a more favorable risk-benefit profile such as those that selectively target the disruptions in gut microbiota that accompany IBDs. This need has led to clinical trials of various microbial-directed therapies including fecal microbial transplant, antibiotics, probiotics, and prebiotics. Unfortunately, these published studies, many of which are small, have generally failed to demonstrate a consistent benefit of these agents in IBDs, thus leading to slow acceptance of microbe-focused treatments for these conditions. In this article, we review and summarize the microbial basis for IBDs and the results of the most recent trials of fecal microbial transplant, antibiotics, probiotics, and prebiotics in IBDs. We also comment on possible safety concerns with these agents, speculate on why they have failed to show efficacy in certain clinical settings, and propose strategies to improve their usefulness.

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“…ples from CD patients compared with healthy subjects (45). The functional significance of these findings remains unknown, due to the lack of reference genome inventories needed for identification and functional classification of bacteriophages.…”

Section: R E V I E W S E R I E S : G U T M I C R O B I O M Ementioning

confidence: 99%

The microbial basis of inflammatory bowel diseases

Dalal¹,

Chang²

2014

J. Clin. Invest.

178

109

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Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic, progressive diseases characterized by aberrant immune responses to environmental and gut microbial triggers in genetically susceptible hosts. Clinical, genetic, and experimental data support the role of gut microbes in causing and sustaining these diseases. Our understanding of IBD has changed dramatically as the result of advances in cultivation-independent approaches and computational platforms for the analysis of large data sets. However, investigations relevant to clinical observations and the natural history of the diseases will be essential for the development of microbial, genetic, and biological metrics that may be used to individualize assessment of risk and improve clinical outcomes in IBD.

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Study of the Viral and Microbial Communities Associated With Crohn's Disease: A Metagenomic Approach

Cited by 111 publications

References 62 publications

The microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease

The microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease

Therapeutic Manipulation of the Microbiome in IBD: Current Results and Future Approaches

The microbial basis of inflammatory bowel diseases

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