Study of Ultrafine Bubble Stabilization by Organic Material Adhesion

Abstract

We confirmed the effect of organic material adhesion as ultrafine bubble (UFB) stabilization mechanism. Organic material was added to generate UFB, and the state of UFB particles was investigated by dynamic light scattering method, transmission electron microscope (TEM), resonance mass measurement method. Disappearance of UFB was suppressed by the addition of organic material, and it was confirmed that the organic material adhered to the surface of UFB. We got the conclusion that adhesion of organic material inhibit gas dissolution from bubbles.

Effects of nanobubble water on the growth ofLactobacillus acidophilus1028 and its lactic acid production

“…Besides, the organic matters adsorption on the surface of NB could act as a "skin" that enhances its stability as reported elsewhere. 48 Moreover, most of the organic components that have charge in the MRS medium mainly belong to proteins, polypeptides and amino acids which normally possess negative charge because of their isoelectric point 49 lower than the initial pH 6.5 in the MRS medium. Thus, theoretically the NB could stably present in the MRS medium at the beginning of the cultivation.…”

On Some Aspects of Nanobubble-Containing Systems

“…Furthermore, the reduction in surface tension of UFB water observed experimentally may not be explained by a charge-stabilization model because UFBs are expected to burst and disappear at the liquid surface according to the model [33][34][35]. In the present section, a dynamic equilibrium model is discussed because there is experimental evidence of the TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy) observation, as well as the fact that UFBs do not necessarily disappear at the liquid surface according to the model [16,17,36,37]. With regard to the high inner-density model that the lifetime of UFBs is longer as the density inside a bubble is higher, experimental evidence is required [38].…”

“…Sugano, Miyoshi, and Inazato [16,17] reported the TEM images of UFBs partly covered with hydrophobic materials in aqueous solution without freezing. The UFB water was introduced into the MEMS (Microelectromechanical System) chip to make a very thin liquid layer of several hundred nm.…”

“…It has been experimentally reported that many UFBs are stable in an airtight glass bottle without any gas-liquid interface for more than 9 months [3,15]. There are also other experimental reports on the extreme longevity of UFBs [4,13,[16][17][18][19]. It is a mystery because a gas bubble of 100 to 200 nm in diameter should completely dissolve into liquid water in less than 1 ms according to the Epstein-Plesset theory [20,21].…”

From Bubbles to Nanobubbles

“…As a result, bulk NBs are mobile, whereas the surface is not, and, again, the radius of the curvature of bulk NBs is much smaller than that of surface NBs. Furthermore, the existence of sNBs has already been proven by atomic force microscopy (AFM) [39][40][41], while the existence of bNBs is indicative but not secured [14,[42][43][44][45]. This doubt is due to the lack of an appropriate experimental method; dynamic light scattering (DLS), which is the prime experimental technique for detecting bNBs, cannot distinguish between bubbles, droplets, or particles [46].…”